風力開關式磁阻發電機為主之聯網直流微電網

A WIND SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE GENERATOR BASED GRID-CONNECTED MICRO-GRID

周品宏(Pin-Hong. Jhou)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2017年)

摘要

本論文旨在開發一以風力開關式磁阻發電機為主之直流微電網，具混合儲能、能源收集及併網功能。微電網之共同直流匯流排電壓由開關式磁阻發電機經由一交錯式昇壓直流/直流介面轉換器建立。所具之混合式能源儲能系統含飛輪、鉛酸電池組及超電容，超電容直並於開關式磁阻發電機之輸出，而電池及開關式磁阻馬達驅動飛輪，分別經由各自之雙向介面轉換器介接至共同直流匯流排，透過適當的控制獲得良好之能源支撐充放電特性。此外，當系統能源過剩時，利用所構裝之傾卸切換電阻負載，防止直流匯流排之過壓。
微電網之隔離連網，係由所建雙向LLC諧振轉換器及單相三線式變頻器達成。兩級電力轉換器之電路及控制器均妥以設計實現。藉由所設計之比例-共振控制機構，變頻器具有良好輸出電壓波形品質。當再生能源過剩或不足時，所開發之隔離單相三線式變頻器可執行微電網至電網及電網至微電網雙向操作。
為了進一步提高微電網之供電穩定品質，建構一三相維也納切換式整流器為主之能源支撐系統，當風能及儲能設備能源短缺時，可收集之交流或直流電源可插入微電網，提供能源支撐。所有組成之控制法則均以數位實現，其操控性到以實測結果驗證之。

關鍵字

微電網 ； 風力發電機 ； 開關式磁阻電機 ； 儲能系統 ； 飛輪 ； 蓄電池 ； 超電容 ； 變頻器 ； 諧振轉換器

並列摘要

This thesis develops a switched-reluctance generator (SRG) based DC microgrid with hybrid storage, energy harvesting and grid-connected capability. The microgrid DC bus voltage is established by the wind SRG via an interleaved boost DC/DC converter. The hybrid energy storage system consists of a SRM driven flywheel, a lead-acid battery bank and a super-capacitor. While the super-capacitor bank is directly connected across the SRG output, the battery and the flywheel are respectively interfaced to the common DC bus via its bidirectional DC/DC converter. Satisfactory energy support discharging and charging characteristics are preserved by proper controls. In addition, a chopped dump load is equipped for avoiding bus over-voltage in the occurrence of energy surplus.
The isolated grid-connection of the established microgrid to utility grid is achieved by a bidirectional LLC resonant converter and a bidirectional single-phase three-wire (1P3W) inverter. The schematics and control schemes of these two power stages are all properly designed and implemented. Good inverter output waveforms are obtained via the designed proportional plus resonant control scheme. And the microgrid-to-grid (M2G) and the grid-to-microgrid (G2M) bidirectional operations can be smoothly conducted.
To further enhance the power supplying quality of the established microgrid, a three-phase Vienna SMR based energy support scheme (ESS) is developed. As wind and stored energies are deficient, the possible harvested AC and DC sources can be plugged into the ESS to provide energy support for the microgrid. The control schemes of all the established power converters are realized digitally and evaluated experimentally.

並列關鍵字

Microgrid ； wind generator ； switched-reluctance machine ； energy storage system ； flywheel ； battery ； super-capacitor ； inverter ； resonant converter

參考文獻

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