用於低壓直流配電系統之轉換器與斷路器設計

近年來，由於化石燃料的逐漸短缺所間接帶來的物價飛漲，使得各國開始關注自身對於化石燃料的依賴性，改以其他再生能源代替，而除了開源之外，節流也是另一重點，提升負載的效率或者降低傳輸過程中所造成的損失，也能降低能源的消耗。目前，為了提昇效率，家庭或辦公大樓中越來越多採用電子式負載，如個人電腦、電子式照明，或者變頻馬達應用，如變頻空調、變頻洗衣機與變頻冰箱，以降低多餘能源的消耗，並且能提昇性能。在資訊科技產業中，資訊中心的能源消耗也成為企業主及政府關注的焦點，由於資訊中心對電力品質的要求，電力在傳輸過程中消耗在保護或不斷電系統設備的比例相當的高，因此若能提昇傳輸過程中的效率，所節省的能源將是十分可觀的。在這樣的環境下，直流配電系統的可能性再度被提出，由於無論在負載端或發電端利用直流電作為使用或產生的比例逐漸增加，因此若使用直流配電系統，將可減少轉換層級所造成的損失而提高能源使用的效率，此外，高穩定度與不斷電系統設計簡易的優點也是採用直流配電系統的誘因之一。然而，在目前配電系統幾乎為交流電的情況下，直流配電系統的可行性有探討的必要，另外，在直流配電系統中，轉換器與斷路器為最重要的構成要素，因此在本文中，將就低壓直流配電系統的可行性進行探討，並且對於此系統中轉換器與斷路器提出可行的架構與設計方式，而模擬結果將印證其可行性。

關鍵字

低壓直流配電系統；直流斷路器；交流/直流轉換器

並列摘要

Recently, the shortage in fossil fuel causes the inflation around the world. Every nation is aware of the energy dependence on the imported oil and starts to invest on the replaceable energy such as fuel cell, solar cell and wind power. Besides of exploring more energy, cutting off the energy waste is another solution. At present, there are more digital electronics and applications of variable-frequency motors utilized at home or in office building in order to enhance the efficiency and performance. In addition, in IT industry, the amount of energy consumption in data centers is always an issue worthy to be considered. Due to the strict requirement of electricity quality, uninterruptable power system and protection facility are implemented which would result in loss in the process of electricity transmission. Therefore, with a little improvement in efficiency, considerable energy waste would be saved. Since most of replaceable resources generate the DC power or retrieve the most energy by converted to DC power and more DC loads are appearing on the market, the feasibility of low-voltage DC distribution has been discussed again recently. By applying DC distribution, conversions stages can be saved accompanied with benefits of high stability and the ease of designing UPS system. However, for nearly all distribution system is AC-powered at present, the feasibility of DC distribution system should be discussed. Moreover, AC/DC converters and DC breakers which are two important components in DC distribution system are also the issues to be discussed. Therefore, in this thesis, the feasibility of DC distribution will be investigated. In addition, the feasible topologies and design rules of converter and breakers are proposed with the verification by simulation results.

並列關鍵字

Low voltage DC distribution systems ； DC breaker ； AC/DC converter

參考文獻

[1] C. L. Sulzberger, "Triumph of AC - from Pearl Street to Niagara," Power and Energy Magazine, IEEE, vol. 1, pp. 64-67, 2003.

[2] J. G. Ciezki and R. W. Ashton, "Selection and stability issues associated with a navy shipboard DC zonal electric distribution system," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 15, pp. 665-669, 2000.

[4] D. Nilsson, "DC Distribution System," Thesis for the Degree of Licentiate of Engineering, Department of Energy and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 2005.

[5] C. C. Chan, "An overview of electric vehicle technology," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 81, pp. 1202-1213, 1993.

[6] W. Tschudi, "DC Power for Improved Data Center Efficiency," Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, March 2008.

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用於低壓直流配電系統之轉換器與斷路器設計

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