巨型磁阻感測於馬達位置檢測應用

Application of Rotor Detection by Giant Magneto-resistance Sensing

徐雍智(Yung-Chich Hsu)

指導教授 ： 王培仁

國立清華大學/工學院/動力機械工程學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著科技進步，馬達在人類生活應用中與日俱增，其中直流無刷馬達較有刷馬達優點較多，且在設計以及材料技術進步之下，直流無刷馬達成本逐漸降低，因此應用之產品越來越多，但現今使用在直流無刷馬達偵測磁極之霍爾感測器，卻有著靈敏度低以及較易受溫度影響的缺點，相對上磁阻感測器擁有較高的靈敏度，因此可以改變感測器的位置來降低感測器的工作環境溫度，故本文探討在不修改原驅動器情形下，利用磁阻感測器來取代霍爾感測器之可行性。
首先就針對磁阻感測器特性做測試，在以永久磁石確認了感測器特性後，就可以此磁阻感測器來量測本研究所使用的直流無刷馬達轉子，並且將實驗結果與利用電磁分析軟體模擬後的結果互相確認後，即可以針對感測器位置做出決定，並且針對感測器所量測到的實驗結果進行電路設計，最終可使馬達成功運轉。

關鍵字

巨型磁阻 ； 轉子感測 ； 直流無刷馬達

並列摘要

As the technology advances along with civilization, electric motors has gained increasing applications in our lives; meanwhile, because brushless DC motors (BLDCM) are so advantageous compared to conventional motors together with advent of new design and material technology, the costs of BLDCM has reduced significantly so that many commercial products have adopted BLDCM today. But, Hall sensors, serving as the key magnetic pole detection devices in BLDCM, have been assessed with comments for low sensitivity and high temperature drifts. On the contrast, magneto-resistance sensors have high magnetic sensitivity so that the location of sensors can be selected for lower working temperature.
In this thesis, we want to assess the applicability of replacing hall sensors with magneto-resistance sensors under the condition of not modifying the motor drivers. First, we have tested the characteristics of commercially available GMR sensors for qualifying the specification of the sensors. After validating the characteristic of the GMR sensors, we have measured the magnetic flux of a BLDCM rotor via the GMR sensors. Then, by numerical simulations for the motor rotor, we confirmed the experimental results are agreeable to the simulations. Finally, we have finished the design of signal processing circuits and proved the feasibility of driving BLDCM with GMR sensors as the rotor position detectors.

並列關鍵字

Giant Magneto-resistance ； Rotor Detection ； Brushless DC Motor

參考文獻

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