- 學位論文
應用3D 人模於工作場所圖譜之設計
Using 3D Animation Human Figures on Workplace Design Atlas
摘要
本文目的在於應用3D 人模與機能工作姿勢之概念，提出工作場所設計與改善的依據。國內的勞工因骨骼肌肉傷害所引致的職業安全衛生問題相當嚴重，其原因繁多複雜並且頗具爭議：有用力負荷過大、重複性施力過於頻繁、施力時程過長、工作姿勢不良…等的問題。然而，「不良的工作姿勢」無疑是個普遍存在而且比較沒有爭議的問題。有鑑於此，本文提出「機能工作姿勢」(FunctionalPosture)的理論，其概念在於使工作場所設施符合作業人員的體型，進而誘導其 採行較「自然」且「省力」的工作姿勢。本研究將此概念應用在一百個工作場所，針對每個工作場所提出合適的機能姿勢，每個機能姿勢都經過人體計測學與生物力學詳細的評估。最後，以3D 方式呈現這些機能姿勢與場景，彙整這些結果並提出一冊「工作場所設計圖譜」以供工業應用。圖譜完成後，為驗證圖譜的適用性，本研究用圖譜去改善另53 個工作場所。改善成果顯示除少數案例，的確都能找到工作性質相近的圖譜做為參考，其中建議的尺寸也確實可直接應用。 關鍵字：工作姿勢、機能姿勢、3D 動態人模、人體計測學
並列摘要
In Taiwan, work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is a serious occupational problem. Its causes are highly controversial, and may attribute to over-exertion, prolonged-duration, high-frequency, and awkward posture. Among these causes, awkward posture is the most prevalent and less disputed. In order to induce the worker in adopting a preferred working posture during task performance, this study proposed a “functional posture” concept to facilitate the design of workplace. The theme of functional posture is “natural” and” effort-saving”. We applied this concept in the intervention of 100 workplaces. We proposed a preferred functional posture for each workplace and each functional posture was evaluated both anthropometrically and biomechanically. Then a desirable workplace design solution with recommended dimensions was proposed. All these design solutions were compiled into a “WorkPlace Design Atlas” to be used as reference for industry. In order to validate the usefulness of this atlas, a validating study consisting of the intervention of 53 workplaces was undertaken. The result was quite promising, any workplace to be redesigned can find a correspondent or similar atlas as design reference, and most recommended dimensions are directly applicable, except a few cases