即時動作及生理負荷評估系統建立

蘇晨豪

指導教授 ： 王茂駿

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

為了解決現今製造系統所需之彈性及整合性，智慧型工廠(Smart Factory)的概念被提出，強調即時生產資訊的取得性。本研究提出一個新的研究架構，將作業人員納入智慧型工廠概念中。藉由即時掌握人員的身心狀態，進而提升人員安全性、舒適度及生產力，增加智慧型工廠的完備性。
本研究在智慧型工廠原型SENSE (Sensible Ergonomics Networks in Smart Environment)架構下，藉由開發即時性的動作及生理負荷感測模組，發展即時人因評估視覺化工具。SENSE方法使用無線慣性動作感測器及無線生理感測裝置來取得人員的作業動作及心電訊號，並將此資料即時回傳至電腦平台進行運算。接著以人因評估方法，如RULA、OWAS、生物力學及工作負荷等級來分析作業人員的姿勢及生理負荷，並即時視覺化的方式呈現。此外，本研究亦發展適合作業現場管理人員的行動監控模組，將以上人因指標資訊由無線網路從伺服器端傳至手機中，讓現場管理人員能夠即時的獲得人員姿勢及負荷狀態等資訊。
本研究以汽車廠的車門組裝作業為例進行評估，讓使用者穿戴即時動作及生理負荷評估系統進行組裝動作。此系統可即時顯示人體動作及人因評估指標，讓現場人員可對作業時的有危害性姿勢進行改善，以建立安全舒適之作業場所。

關鍵字

動作擷取 ； 生理感測 ； 即時人因評估 ； 智慧型工廠

並列摘要

To meet the requirement of flexibility and integration in modern manufacturing system, the concept of Smart Factory was proposed to emphasize the accessibility of real-time production information. This research proposes a new framework, containing human issues into the Smart Factory. By knowing the state of operators, the safety, comfort, and productivity will be increased, and the completeness of Smart Factory will be enhanced.
This study implements a prototype under the framework of Smart Factory named SENSE—Sensible Ergonomics Network in Smart Environment. Under this framework, the real-time motion capture and physiological sensing modules are built, and the ergonomics visualization tools are developed. The wireless inertial and physiological sensors are used to collect the motion and ECG data, which will be sent back to a computer for real-time data processing. By using ergonomics evaluation methods, such as RULA, OWAS, biomechanics, and the classification of physical work, this information is used to analyze the posture and physical workload of an operator, and can be visualized in real-time. In addition, this study also develops the mobile supervisory module for managers on shop floor in order to transfer the ergonomics information from a server to a mobile device through wireless networks, so that managers are able to get the real-time information of operators, such as posture and workload.
This study uses the example of the vehicle door assembly tasks to evaluate the system. By asking the subjects wear the real-time ergonomics evaluation system to the assembly tasks. The system displays the human motion and ergonomics index in real-time. Managers can enhance the safety and health of workplace by improving the hazardous posture.

並列關鍵字

motion capture ； physiological sensing ； real-time ergonomics evaluation ； smart factory

參考文獻

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