固態氧化物燃料電池(SOFC)結合氣渦輪機(GT)應用於冷熱電聯產系統(CCHP)中之配置設計與性能分析

Configuration Design and Performance Analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Coupled with Gas Turbine Used in Combined Cooling Heating and Power System

黃武彬(Wu-Bin Huang)

指導教授 ： 蔣小偉

國立清華大學/工學院/動力機械工程學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

燃料電池具有高效率潔淨電力之特點，一直都是能源開發研究主題的重點項目之ㄧ，其中屬於中、高溫燃料電池類的固態氧化物燃料電池(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC)，具有高溫廢氣排放的特性(約1000°C)，其主要優點除了電池自身已具有45~65%的高效率表現外，排氣廢熱品質亦相當高。已目前研究中指出，將SOFC結合氣渦輪機(Gas Turbine, GT)進行發電，其系統效率可達70%以上，然而此類複合式發電系統的排氣溫度仍高達500~600K，若能更進一步的回收此部份的廢熱進行再利用，則系統整體效率將可再提升10%。
本論文藉由程式的模擬，以SOFC，引進冷熱電聯產系統(Combine Cooling Heating and Power System, CCHP)的設計概念，利用SOFC/GT混成發電系統中所產生的廢熱作為熱源，驅動吸收式冷凍系統(Absorption Refrigeration System, ARS)，使系統的廢熱能在系統發電的同時，提供額外的致冷(Refrigeration)能力，以減少能源的損耗，而此配置下，系統燃料利用率(Fuel Usability)將可達到100%以上。研究過程中，除了利用各組件在設計點的資料進行CCHP複合系統性能分析外，亦藉由參數設計及研究，針對CCHP內部各子系統的最佳化及系統配置進行探討，並歸納出影響系統效能的重要參數及因素。最後，完成一套結合SOFC、GT及ARS之CCHP分析研究系統，可提供後續在高效率潔淨電力及冷、熱、電共生系統研究上的參考依據。

關鍵字

固態氧化物燃料電池 ； 氣渦輪機 ； 吸收式冷凍 ； 冷熱電聯產系統 ； 分散式發電

並列摘要

With the requirements of high efficiency and low emissions, fuel cell has been one of the focuses of research in energy development. The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is of high temperature fuel cell type. It has the characteristic of high emission temperature(about 1000℃). Besides the main advantage that the SOFC has high efficiency performance, 45~65%, the quality of the exhaust is also very high. Current studies point out that the combination of SOFC and Gas Turbine (GT) can produce efficiency more than 70%, and the exhaust temperature of this hybrid power system is as high as 300~500℃. If this waste heat can be further recycled, the overall efficiency of the system is expected to be further improved.
The simulation program of SOFC and the introduction of the concept of Combine Cooling Heating and Power System (CCHP) is used in this study. The waste heat of the SOFC/GT hybrid power generation system is used as the heat source to drive an Absorption Refrigeration System (ARS), which enables the waste heat to generate electricity in the system while providing additional cooling capacity. With this configuration, the Fuel Usability of the system can be above 100%. We not only predict the CCHP performance by using the design data points, but also conclude important parameters that affect the performance of the system by optimizing and configuring subsystems of CCHP. Finally, the CCHP analysis simulation system which combines SOFC, GT, and ARS is completed. This system can provide future reference in high efficiency clean electricity and heat, cooling, and electrical tri-generation system.

並列關鍵字

SOFC ； GT ； ARS ； CCHP ； Distributed generation

參考文獻

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