外籍生對我國高等教育畢業人數影響之實證研究

本文主要目的在藉由迴歸分析探討各校在不同特徵、性質、環境上，如何影響我國高等教育學校外籍畢業生總人數及外籍生總人數，以反思我國政府在積極招收外籍生來臺之教育政策應如何改進。本文的資料來源以教育部教育統計資料庫 (2015-2019年) 各級教育基本統計為主，其內容包含高等教育學校外籍生總人數、高等教育學校外籍畢業生總人數等歷史資料，統整各年度、各校之追蹤資料來進行實證分析，本研究採用外籍生畢業人數及外籍生人數做為本研究之衡量指標，期能將結果回饋為我國招收外籍生政策制定或施行措施之參考依據。研究結果顯示，各校可聚焦在國際教育環境的提升，包含聘任專任教師時能更著重國際化教育策略，致力於增聘「外籍」專任教師，亦在行政單位中編制適當行政人力專責外籍生之國際事務，有助於提升外籍生學習表現與來臺就讀人數。其次，在學校特徵相關變數中，政府給予學校教育補助計劃經費越高，學校越可能投入較多經費於國際化教育，給予外籍生更多教育資源，吸引外籍生來臺就學，亦使外籍生能順利畢業。另外，外籍生在選擇學校時，仍會納入考量學校主要聚焦招收特定學制學生之因素。最後，在外籍生背景相關變數中，學校在招收外籍生經驗多寡之因素，成為外籍生選擇學校考量之一。而各校招收「多元化」學生國籍背景因素，能營造外語教育環境，穩定教育品質，應有助於外籍生來臺就學與同儕之間實質交流與互動。

關鍵字

高等教育國際化；外籍生總人數；外籍畢業生總人數；國際教育環境；學校特徵；外籍生背景

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to apply regression analysis to explore how the different characteristics, types, and environments of each school affect the number of foreign students and foreign graduates from higher education schools in Taiwan. Our findings can shed light on how our government could improve the education policy on actively enrolling international students into Taiwan. This study’s data are drawn from the basic statistics of education at all levels in the Ministry of Education Statistics Database (2015-2019). This study uses the number of foreign graduates and foreign students as the measurement indicators to yield advice to our government for formulating or implementing policies to enroll foreign students. The research results show that schools can focus on the improvement of the international education environment, including emphasizing more on international education strategies by recruiting more “foreign” full-time faculty, and also establish appropriate staff in the administrative unit to take charge of international affairs for foreign students. These will help foreign students’ academic performance and the number of students studying in Taiwan from abroad. Secondly, our findings from the school characteristics variables suggest that higher government subsidies increase a school’s investment in international education and provide foreign students with more educational resources. These may attract more foreign students to study in Taiwan and help foreign students complete their education smoothly. In addition, when choosing a school, foreign students will still consider the factor of a school’s focus on a particular academic system. Finally, among the variables related to the background of foreign students, the aspect of how much experience the school possesses in enrolling foreign students has become one of the considerations for foreign students’ school choices. Schools enrolling students with “diversified” nationality backgrounds can create a foreign language education environment and stabilize the quality of education. It should help foreign students who come to study in Taiwan interact and communicate with their peers substantially.