應用層級分析法(AHP)建構跨領域課程設計指標之研究

社會經濟、科技發展迅速促使人才需求越來越多元，現在社會已逐漸擺脫過去單一專才與分工的思維，對於跨領域的人才需求越來越多。教學場域中該如何培育具備跨領域思維與能力的人才成為現今教育上的重要議題，而該依循什麼指標進行課堂教學設計也是延伸出的議題之一。本研究根據Carr等人於2018提出的跨領域評估框架，以及國內牛涵釗於2017提出的技術型高中跨領域指標內容來作為主要指標參考，設計一份國內的跨領域課程設計指標。本研究採用層級分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)將文獻探討中所得出的構面指標進行權重分配與決策分析，綜合國內進行跨領域課程的大學教授及大學生意見，在得出指標權重後，來瞭解並比較兩者所得出之構面指標的差異。綜合兩者研究結果顯示，構面是與學生能力端相關的「自我學習歷程」最為重要，項目指標則是「引導學習」權重值最高，顯示出雖然學生個人能力相當重要，進行跨領域學習的過程中仍需要教師的引導。大學教授在構面上同時重視教師端相關的「社會資本歷程」及學生能力端的「自我學習歷程」；大學生則在構面上看重學生能力端的「自我學習歷程」，與大學教授不盡相同。在項目指標上兩者則同樣重視「引導學習」，認同教師在跨領域課程的引導角色重要性。

關鍵字

層級分析法AHP ；跨領域；課程設計；構面；項目指標；知識建構

並列摘要

The rapid development of social economy and science and technology has promoted the demand for more and more talents. Now the society has gradually got rid of the thinking of single professionals and division of labor in the past, and there is more and more demand for talents across fields. How to cultivate talents with interdisciplinary thinking and ability in the teaching field has become an important issue in education today, and what indicators should be followed for classroom teaching design is also one of the extended issues. Based on the cross-domain assessment framework proposed by Carr et al. In 2018 and the technical high school cross-domain indicator content proposed by Niu Hanzhao in 2017 as the main indicator reference, this study designed a domestic cross-domain curriculum design indicator. This study uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to analyze the weight distribution and decision-making of the faceted indicators obtained from the literature discussion. Based on the opinions of university professors and college students conducting cross-disciplinary courses in Taiwan, after obtaining the indicator weights to understand and compare the difference in facet indicators between the two. Comprehensive research results show that the facet is the most important "self-learning process" related to the student's ability, and the project indicator is the "guidance of learning" with the highest weight value. Teacher guidance is still needed in the process. University professors at the same time attach importance to the "social capital process" related to the teacher's end and the "self-learning process" of the student's ability; college students value the "self-learning process" of the student's ability in the aspect, which is different from university professors. In terms of project indicators, both places equal emphasis on "led learning" and agree on the importance of teachers' guiding role in cross-curricular courses.