應用層級分析法（AHP）於最有利標評選權重之研究

The Application of AHP in the Study of Selective Weighting for the Most Advantageous Bid

潘朝烈(Chao-Lieh Pan) ； 黃營芳(Ying-Fang Huang)

《商業現代化學刊》 4卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 118-132

https://doi.org/10.6132/JCM.2007.4.1.12

摘要

在於現行採購作業中，通常決標準則係採以廠商報價低於底價之「最低標」為決標原則，如是決標原則，常引致廠商，會以不擇手段低價搶標先取得標權，然後再於未來工程履約或交貨時，嚐試以低品質之產品辦理交貨或辦理工程驗收，此或可僥倖闖關成功，或亦失敗而致使被退貨、工程重做等無法履行契約或解除契約之履約爭議情事，如此層出不窮的爭議問題也給招標機關帶來極大的困擾，為避免如是之問題，其最佳解決之道則採以「最有利標」為決標方式為宜。由於「最有利標」決標方式日受招標機關重視並廣被採用，然在現行之「最有利標」評選中，評選的因素及評選權重之訂定，則最被招標機關所困擾，為解決如是問題，本研究即應用供應商評選理論、專家訪談來設計「最有利標」評選因素之問卷，然後再利用SPSS統計軟體，對「最有利標」評選的主要指標進行「因素分析」分析，以找出一個較具客觀之「最有利標」評選因素，同時以AHP法來決定「最有利標」評選權重，期能藉由本研究結果以提高「最有利標」評選準確性，並提供招標機關用來建制「最有利標」評選模式之參考。

關鍵字

最有利標 ； 廠商評選 ； 因素分析 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

In the existing procurement operation, the contract awarding generally adopts ”the lowest tender” that vender's quotation is lower than the ceiling price as its principle. However this contract awarding principle usually causes that the venders strive for the bidding right through the lowest price bidding and deliver the product of poor quality or handle the inspection and acceptance of the inferior construction in the contract performance or goods delivery. Sometimes they may successfully pass by luck or they may fail so that the goods are returned or the construction has to be made again. Such endless disputes bring enormous torment to the tendering invitation institution. To avoid these problems, the best solution is to adopt ”the most advantageous bid” as contract awarding.Since the tendering invitation institution gradually place importance on ”the most advantageous bid” and widely adopts it as contract awarding. Nevertheless in the selection of the existing ”most advantageous bid”, the selection factors and formulation of the selective weighting torment the tending invitation institution so much. This research applies the supplier selective theory and expert interview to design the selection factors questionnaire of ”the most advantageous bid”. Then SPSS is adopted to conduct the ”factor analysis” to main selection indexes of ”the most advantageous bid” to locate an objective selection factor of ”the most advantageous bid”. In the meantime, AHP is used to decide the selective weighting of ”the most advantageous bid”. The research results are expected to increase the accuracy of the selection factors for ”the most advantageous bid” that can be served for the tendering invitation institution constructs its selection model of ”the most advantageous bid”.

並列關鍵字

Most Advantageous Bid ； Vendor Selection ； Factor Analysis ； Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)