進入二十一世紀的今天,企業資源規劃(Enterprise resource planning, ERP)的觀念已廣為企業人士所熟悉,許多先知卓見的企業早已經導入ERP基礎系統,其中中、大型企業在財力及人力等資源較充分的情況下,對ERP系統的導入準備能作完善的調查及規劃,並且可以搭配其他因ERP系統功能不足而配合導入之套裝系統(如現場控制系統,Shop Floor Control,SFC),進而導入供應鏈管理系統(Supply Chain Management,SCM)、客戶關係管理系統(Customer Relation Management,CRM)、企業情報系統(Business Inteligence,BI)及知識管理系統(Knowledge Management,KM),具備資訊架構全球化的競爭優勢。但對大部分的中、小型企業導入ERP有下列挑戰:1.財力、人力及時間等資源限制。2.企業流程必須具備彈性優勢的特性。3.對各家軟體供應廠商的ERP系統未充分瞭解其功能限制及特性。最後,不是耗盡財力及人力長期奮戰就是在導因糾結的情況下踉蹌上線,迷失原來導入ERP系統之企業改造目標。企業導入ERP系統不能再像過去可以評估加導入花個一年半載的耗費人力及時間,傳統導入既浪費時間又徒花成本,已經不被企業所接受。 研究者藉助個案比較的研究方式,實際直接及間接參與五家個案企業內部對企業資源規劃系統的快速導入與實作,提出適合企業ERP快速導入的觀念架構,將ERP快速導入區分為樣板選取決策、系統整合範圍與專案控制程度等三項構面。而專案績效受到高層的決心與支持、導入目標的明確程度、選取適合樣板的評估能力、專案管理者的管控權力、參與人員的參與度等五種企業內部因素的影響。研究者也提出下列研究問題:一、探討所謂快速導入之實質內涵為何?二、探討導入ERP所使用Template之類型?三、探討影響使用不同Template下,企業內部影響專案績效之關鍵因素? 本研究希望能對日後欲藉導入或升級ERP基礎系統開始,積極全球化佈署,尤其因應兩岸加入WTO、開放三通的趨勢,提高企業競爭優勢的中、小型企業在財力及人力等有限資源條件下,有所助益。
This paper descirbes that the researcher directly or indirectly join in the rapid implementation of ERP from 5 companies of case study. And the researcher posed the conceptual framework of rapid implementation of ERP for business and found that rapid implementation type of ERP can be classified into one of five types: simple, standard, intensive, custom-made and mixed, distinguished into the three dimensions:the selection of successful template, the integration of auxiliary system and the control extent of project. The performance of project is influenced by the internal factors of business included the explicit extent of implementation objective, the assessment ability of successful template, the control capacity of project management, the participative extent of participant. This allowed us to pose the following research questions (a) Probe into the thoughtfulness of Templates ? (b) Probe into the Templates used by the implementation of ERP in the manufacture industry ? (c)Probe into the key factors influence the performance of project under the different Templates used in the implementation of ERP for business ? The purpose of this study is helpful for the businesses which desire to implement or upgrade the ERP basis system, enhance competitive capacity and actively dispose global strategy, especially in the current trend of the communication, postal communication and navigation cross the taiwan strait.