可攜式微血管攝像系統設計與影像分析應用

Design of a Portable Microcirculation Photography System and Image Analysis

吳至傑(Chih-Chieh Wu)

指導教授 ： 林康平 ； 林康平

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300406

摘要

摘要

微循環是直接參與細胞跟組織物質交換的體液循環。微循環的基本功能是保證細胞、組織的物質交換。如果人體有病，他體內平衡就會受到破壞，因而造成微循環的相應改變。故透過對微循環血管、血液與血流的動態觀察，就可得到有關身體內部情形的訊息。然而，微循環在臨床上應用時，只觀察甲襞、眼球結膜等部位的血液流動動態是不夠全面的。為了研究各種微循環的改變與其在診斷疾病、分析病情方面的意義，我們必須取得更多部位的微循環影像，並分析其中的訊息，再經過參考權值的評估後，才能提供臨床上作完善的診斷與治療。

傳統的微循環取像架構包含了整座的顯微鏡與光源，具有體積龐大、重量重與無法攜帶等缺點，使我們無法對全身多處部位做微循環影像擷取的工作，導致臨床應用上資訊不足，造成醫師無法做進一步的診治。因此在本研究中，我們設計一可攜式微循環攝像系統，以非侵入之光學方式拍攝皮下微血管流動的影像，以單一物鏡取代整組的顯微鏡，在光源部分採用高亮度LED光源，以求達到體積小與可攜帶等優點，另外，基於提昇影像品質與取像容易的目的，在此架構中加入了偏光片的設計，進而發展出一套方便擷取全身微循環影像的裝置。並且利用此套系統實際擷取人體樣本，在不同體溫下擷取甲襞微循環之影像，分析所拍攝之影像，用影像處理的方法正確地計算血流速並探討其變化，可從中得知血流速度之分布情形與生理或病理有相當之關聯性。因此，若可利用本研究所架構之微循環攝像與分析系統於臨床，以可攜式儀器之優勢大量收集各種不同部位之微循環樣本，將有助於微循環與病症之相互關係的建立，並且提共早期診斷的功能。

關鍵字

微循環 ； 攝像系統 ； 動態估測

並列摘要

Abstract

A new portable microcirculation photography system is proposed for optically imaging micro vessels under skin. In this system, an objective lens and a LED light source will be used to replace a microscope and lamp in traditional apparatus. Furthermore, two circular polarizers (CPLs), which be set at proper angle in the system, can block the rough skin surface scattered light. The two CPLs are benefit to capture clearly microcirculation images. Also, in this research, we apply several image processing methods such as motion estimation to calculate blood flow velocity from images captured by this system.

In this paper, a new portable microcirculation photography system is proposed to capture the micro vessels images in a convenient way. There are many important biological information in these images. To make this system more powerful and owning the ability to apply to clinical diagnosis, we conclude some suggestions. The system resolution can be improved by using higher resolution DVs or objective lens. The brighter LED source applied to this system the better image quality can be obtained. An autofocus system will be necessary to hold on the steady focal plane where the vessels lay.

Further, we should find out the real trajectory of red blood cells’ flowing path and inspect more points on it to build up a reasonable approximate Gaussian model that may contribute many important biological information for clinical application such as early diagnosis of cardiac disease and diabetes and make the system more practical.

並列關鍵字

photography system ； microcirculation ； motion estimation

參考文獻

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