以「單元照顧（unit care）」理念建構高齡者日間照顧環境 －以台北市某老人服務中心附設日間照顧為例－

Constructing a day care environment for the elderly with the concept of unit care －Exemplified by a day care center affiliated with a service center for the elderly in Taipei City

劉錦鐘(Ching-Chung Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳政雄

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500056

摘要

論文摘要

目前，台灣地區已朝向高齡社會的腳步邁進，因此在政府大力宣傳以及政策的推動之下，老人照顧服務產業已逐漸受到各界的重視，尤其是高齡者日間照顧服務產業。然而綜觀台北市十三家老人服務中心中，僅有三家設有日間照顧服務，而且不論是硬體空間設施或軟體活動設計，均不能符合眾人的期待。因此，本研究將藉由「單元照顧（unit care）」理念，做為日間照顧環境改造之概念基礎，以建構安全、舒適、健康的理想照顧環境，使高齡者擁有一個尊嚴的晚年生活。因此本研究之目的有三：
一、冀望改善現階段社區型日間照顧機構的硬體設施，以提供高齡者與照顧者一個良好的日間照顧環境。
二、期望改善目前台灣地區「機構化、團體式」的照顧模式及人力配置，進而提升高齡者日間照顧服務與環境品質。
三、建構溫馨、小規模且具有「居家情境」的日間照顧環境，使高齡者擁有尊嚴的晚年生活。

本研究設計方法分為施工前與竣工後兩個階段，第一階段規劃設計前置作業階段為：「文獻資料調查」、「實地勘查」、「自然觀察」、「座談調查」等四項研究方法，第二階段竣工後使用現況調查分析則以「實地踏勘」、「訪談」與「座談會」為主要的研究方法。

本研究之內容分為兩個階段性，第一階段欲釐清高齡者照顧理念以及「單元照顧」環境的建構，然後針對台北市三家老人服務中心所附設之日間照顧機構進行空間設施現況、照顧模式、高齡者活動類型等硬、軟體的調查與分析；第二階段則經由理論探討與調查分析資料彙整後，擬定設計條件與設計準則，並選定A機構老人服務中心附設之「日間照顧」進行實質環境改造計畫的案例操作，做為理論和實務之間的支持與驗證，最後針對改造後之使用現況情形進行調查與分析，以初步瞭解空間改造後的使用情形與優缺點。

基於上述研究成果，本研究提出幾項結論與研究建議：結論部分，提出未來建構日間照顧環境規劃的操作策略、設計概念，以及落實改造計畫時之注意要項等內容；研究建議部分，則建議公部門應全面檢視台灣地區所有高齡者照顧機構的現況，針對不能符合要求者，積極地輔導經營團隊進行照顧環境之軟、硬體改造。

關鍵字

生活據點 ； 生活重心 ； 單元照顧 ； 在地老化 ； 日間照顧

並列摘要

Abstract

At present, Taiwan is being transformed into an aging society. As the government promotes the related policies prepared for the aging trend, elderly care service industry, especially elderly day care service industry, has been gaining more and more attention. However, only three of the thirteen elderly service centers in Taipei City offer day care services, and neither their facilities nor software design is above expectations. Therefore, this study would like to transform the day care environment based on the concept of unit care so that the elderly may lead a dignified life in a safe, comfortable, and healthy environment. There are three objectives of this study:
1.To improve the hardware in day care centers established within communities so as to provide both the elderly and caretakers with a proper day care environment;
2.To improve the current caretaking model in Taiwan and the allocation of manpower, which is based on organizations or groups, so as to enhance the quality of day care services and the environment for the elderly;
3.To build a warm, small-scale, and ‘homely’ day care environment so as to let the elderly enjoy a dignified life.

The research methods can be divided into two stages, including the period prior to construction and the period subsequent to completion. Four research methods are employed in the preliminary stage prior to construction, including literature review, field survey, non-participant observation, and panel discussion. After the completion of the construction, the main research methods used to analyze the present situation are field survey, interview, and panel discussion.

The content of this study can be categorized into two parts. In the first part, the concept of elderly care and the construction of ‘unit care’ environment would be discussed and made clear, and then the three day care centers affiliated with the elderly service centers would be carefully examined and analyzed in terms of facilities, caretaking models, and activity types of the elderly. In the second part, after the literature review is conducted and the collected data analyzed, the

conditions and principles of design would be established, which then would be applied to one ‘day care’ center affiliated with an elderly service center for its environment transformation as an
example to support and verify the theory and practice. In the end, the current situation of the construction use would be examined and analyzed so as to find out the advantages or disadvantages of the transformation.

Based on the findings, several conclusions and research recommendations are to be proposed. The conclusions include the operation strategies and designing concepts for constructing a day care environment in the future as well as some important notices for implementing the construction plan. As for the research recommendations, it is recommended that the authorities concerned should examine and review the current situation of all the elderly service centers, actively assisting those underperforming ones in transforming the related hardware and software.

並列關鍵字

living place ； aging in place ； day care ； unit care ； life pursuit

參考文獻

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