近幾年來,由於高科技產業的蓬勃發展,這些高科技產業大量使用精密的生產設備與測試儀器,使得供電品質的要求日益昇高,因此如何監測電力品質是電力公司與用戶皆要認真面對的問題。一般而言,電力品質問題中,包括了電壓驟昇、驟降、電力諧波、三相不平衡、頻率飄移、電壓閃爍及切換暫態等問題。因此電力公司在處理此類電力事故之原因釐清及責任歸屬等問題上,正確的事故發生時間、確實位置與嚴重程度等資訊便相當重要。所以,對於電力公司要如何去得知事故來源位置,並針對事故原因及責任歸屬問題做有效釐清,將是一個刻不容緩的課題。 本文提出一個安置電力品質監測儀器的方法,並以電力諧波及電容器切換暫態為例,此法首先以諧波電壓及結合小波轉換與巴塞瓦定理於代表特徵值之擷取,然後運用模糊分類及基因演算法求解K-means之分類來討論量測儀表數量固定時之適當位置。最後本文利用十八個匯流排之電力系統作為測試對象,以Matlab/Simulink 專業軟體來進行範例系統模擬、數理分析。模擬結果驗證本文方法之有效性及準確性。
In recent years, due to the rapid developments of the hi-tech industry as well as much more usages of the precise production equipments and test instruments, the high power quality (PQ) is demanded nowadays. Hence, monitoring of power quality is an important task for utility companies and their customers. Generally, power quality problems include voltage swell, voltage sag, power harmonic, three-phase imbalance, frequency variation, voltage flicker and switching transient. Actually, the accurate location and time of PQ problem are useful for responsibility authority and accident correction. Therefore, identifying and locating the locations of accident sources have attracted more attention of utility engineers and scholars. This thesis presents a new method for placement of power quality measurement facilities. The power harmonics and capacitors switching transient are used as disturbance sources. The proposed method first uses harmonic voltages and wavelet coefficients as the features, then uses the fuzzy clustering and K-means’s clustering using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to discuss the appropriate locations when the number of measurement instruments is fixed. Finally, an 18-bus power system is used for testing. Simulation results obtained by using Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed approach is effective and relatively accurate in comparison with existing approaches.