- 學位論文
唐．庫比特的表現主義宗教思想之研究
A Study on Don Cupitt’s Expressionism in Religious Thought
摘要
論文摘要 唐．庫比特(Don Cupitt,1934-)是英國後現代宗教哲學家和神學家，先後研究了自然科學、神學和宗教哲學，還有意大利文與藝術等。他自稱人文主義者、後現代主義者、非實在論者、自然主義者。我們可以概述其思想為：左翼後現代主義、空的激進的人文主義、非／反實在論、第二性的神秘主義、天國基督教和太陽倫理學等。 「表現主義」宗教思想是庫比特很重要的思想階段之一，它發展於90年代，在此階段著作豐碩，其中最具代表性的有《太陽倫理學》、《上帝之後：宗教的未來》、《後現代神秘主義》等書。他視宗教生活是一種表現的(expressive)活動；一種高度自我發展的活動。他將「太陽倫理學」以及「後現代神秘主義」作為他的表現主義宗教思想的代表。其《太陽倫理學》(Solar Ethics)是一種倫理表現主義(ethical expressivism)或情感(緒)主義(emotivism)，強調我們必須委身於當下，活在當下。他在《後現代神秘主義》(Mysticism after Modernity)中否認超自然，認為生活可以轉變為抒情詩，每個人都可以是詩人。 我們對庫比特的「表現主義」宗教思想，雖然不盡同意但是可以理解。而就其主張當中，「太陽式生活」所強調的是：把握短暫而有限的生命，盡情燃燒，無怨無悔──這種悲壯的生命情懷，應可視為他真誠地提醒。
並列摘要
Abstract Don Cupitt（1934-）is an English postmodern religious philosopher and a theologian as well. His researches have included natural science, theology, philosophy of religion, Italian, arts, and so on. Don Cupitt declares himself to be humanist, post-modernist, non-realist, and naturalist. Let’s summarize his thoughts as: Left-Wing Post-Modernism, Empty Radical Humanism, Non/Anti-Realism, the Mysticism of Secondariness, Kingdom of Heaven Christian, Solar Ethics, etc. Among Don Cupitt’s studies, Expressionism in Religious Thought is one of his most important stages. It developed in the nineties. During this time, he had finished abundant works including Solar Ethics, After God:The Future of Religion, Mysticism after Modernity, which are all his representative books. He views religious life as an expressive activity and a highly developing event. He also thinks of Solar Ethics and Mysticism after Modernity as representatives of his Expressionism in Religious Thought. As for Solar Ethics, which is regarded as one ethical expressivism or emotivism, emphasizes that we must commit to the present moment and live on the instant. When it comes to Mysticism after Modernity, Don Cupitt denies supernatural. He considers that our lives can be turned into lyric poems and everyone of us could be a poet. We may disagree Don Cupitt’s “Expressionism”in Religious Thought, but it can still be understood. In his claims, Solar Living stresses: Grasp our short and limited life and burn it heartily without any regrets to shape a life that is kind of tragically heroic. And it supposes what Don Cupitt truly hopes to remind us.