台北地區各標的用水量分析研究

台灣因地形與季節性因素造成的降雨不均，使得水資源十分匱乏，必須靠水庫壩堰攔蓄水源來以因應現今生活、工業及農業各標的所需用水。但對於需水量不斷成長，及降雨越來越不穩定，水資源的有效運用及開發便顯得十分重要，尤其是水資源分配的問題，政府在施政上必須兼顧未來的發展與民眾的權益，以符合各標的的用水需求。根據本研究統計分析結果，近年來台北地區生活用水量佔整體用水量約64％，農業用水量佔約29％，工業用水量最少僅佔約7％。由統計資料及政策導向加上合理的假設以推估未來至民國110年各標的需水量。民國110年年生活用水量推估為1,013百萬噸；工業用水量推估為123百萬噸；農業用水量推估為642百萬噸。政府規劃未來以翡翠水庫水源供應整個台北地區用水，但翡翠水庫年最大年供水量為1,263百萬噸只比台北地區推估年自來水需水量1,055百萬噸多208百萬噸。若是未來台北地區供水系統未達改善標準或者是調配應用失當，都可能因此出現缺水的風險。

關鍵字

各標的用水量；台北地區

並列摘要

The rainfall in Taiwan is not quite equal everywhere because of its geographical and seasonal factors. That's why the water resource in Taiwan is so insufficient that we must rely on building reservoirs to meet any need for using water of every day life, industry, or agriculture. However, the growing demands for using water and the unstable rainfall make the efficient manipulation and exploitation of the water resource become more and more important, especially how to distribute the water resource. Therefore, the Government should establish policies on the future development and citizens' rights to meet the demands for using water from any aspects. According to the result of the statistical analysis, recently, the amount of using water from every day life in Taipei area occupies 64% of the whole, another one from agriculture occupies 29%, and the other one from industry occupies at least 7%. With the statistical analysis and the tendency of the policies, we are able to presume that the quantity of using water from every day life will be 1,013 million tons, another one from industry will be 123 million tons, and the other one from agriculture will be 642 million tons by 2021. The Government is planning to provide water for the whole Taipei area by the Feitsui Reservoir, but the largest water supply of the Feitsui Reservoir is simply 208 million tons more than the presumed demands of water in Taipei area. If the water supply system in Taipei area doesn't get improved or be allocated inappropriately in the future, either can lead to the risk of water shortage.