農業金融改革前後對農會信用部經營績效之比較研究

Performance Comparison before and after the Implementation of Agriculture Financial Law:An Empirical Study of the Credit Departments of Farmers' Association in Taiwan

戴淑惠(Shu-Hui Tai)

指導教授 ： 鄒翊 ； 顏怡音

中原大學/商學院/會計研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700273

摘要

本研究以農業金融改革後農會信用部2004、2005年財務比率平均值與農業金融改革前農會信用部2002、2003年財務比率平均值間差異值進行實證；並針對農會信用部依各當地農會會員人口數佔各當地鄉鎮人口的比值，作為劃分標準區分為城市型、混合型、鄉村型農會信用部，並先就農會信用部13項財務比率進行敘述性統計分析、變異數分析、Scheffe多重分析，以評估三型態農會信用部財務比率，在農業金融改革後，對經營績效之影響。

其次再運用主成份分析法將11項財務比率，縮減成4項主成份指標為信用部流動性、信用部成長性、信用部安全性、信用部存款結構，再以純益率及權益報酬率兩變數作為因變數，前述4項主成份指標作為自變數，建構複迴歸之實證模型；經實證結果發現，在農業金融改革後，整體農會信用部之4項主成份指標，對績效均具有顯著的影響。

另外，個別針對城市型、混合型、鄉村型農會信用部分成三個子樣本，再進行實證，以比較在農業金融改革後，三型態農會信用部間之差異。本研究發現，混合型農會信用部，其信用部流動性指標對獲利性(純益率及權益報酬率)最具有顯著負向之影響；三種型態之農會信用部，其信用部成長性指標，對獲利性(純益率及權益報酬率)均有正向顯著之影響；另城市型農會信用部之信用部安全性指標，對獲利性(純益率及權益報酬率)最具有負向顯著之影響；而城市型農會信用部之信用部存款結構，對獲利性(純益率及權益報酬率)最具有正向顯著之影響。

以上實證結果可做為提供各型態農會信用部，在農業金融改革後經營績效之評估，以做為各型態信用部差異化的經營方向，使各型態農會信用部資源能有效配置，以改善經營績效及制定未來經營方針之參考。

關鍵字

信用部 ； 農業金融 ； 主成分分析法

並列摘要

This study verifies the differential values between the 2004 and 2005 average financial ratios adopted by the Credit Departments of Farmers’ Associations (CDFAs) after the implementation of the agriculture financial law, and the 2002 and 2003 average financial ratios adopted by CDFAs before the implementation of the agriculture financial law. The ratio of members of local farmers’ association against local township population, which is taken by CDFAs, will act as the standard of division to divide CDFAs into urban type, mixed type and rural type. Thirteen financial ratios of the CDFAs were analyzed with Descriptive Statistics Analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffle’s Multiple Comparisons, so that influence, from the financial ratios of CDFAs under the three types, on business performance after implementation of the agriculture financial law, can be evaluated.
Consequently, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce 11 financial ratios into 4 indexes of major components, namely the flow, growth, safety, and saving structure of Credit Departments. After that, profit margin and return on equity were taken as dependant variables, and the abovementioned 4 indexes of major components were taken as independent variables to construct an empirical model of Regression Analysis. It is discovered from the empirical results that, after implementation of the agriculture financial law, the 4 indexes of major components for the entire CDFAs showed significant influence towards performance.
In addition, 3 sub-samples were divided against urban type, mixed type, rural type of CDFAs for verification, so differences between these 3 types of CDFAs after implementation of the agriculture financial law can be compared. This study discovered that, the flow index of Credit Departments for mixed type of CDFAs imposed a significant negative influence on profitability (profit margin and return on equity). Among the 3 types of CDFAs, the growth index of Credit Departments imposed a significant positive influence on profitability (profit margin and return on equity); the safety index of Credit Departments for urban type of CDFAs imposed a significant negative influence on profitability (profit margin and return on equity); while the saving structure of Credit Departments for urban type of CDFAs imposed the most significant positive influence on profitability (profit margin and return on equity).
The above empirical results can be provided for evaluating the performance of each type of CDFAs after implementation of the agriculture financial law. This can act as a reference for each type of Credit Departments in adopting different business directions, and allowing effective arrangement of resources for each type of CDFAs, as well as improving business performance and setting policies for future operations.

並列關鍵字

Credit Departments of Farmers’ Associations (CDFAs) ； Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ； Agriculture finance

參考文獻

黃琮琪、施麗玉 陳鴻昇 趙俊淵(2005)，「內部稽核對農會信用部經營績效之影響」。農業經濟叢刊（Taiwanese Agricultural Economic Review），10卷2期。

顏晃平，(2006)，「農會信用部風險承受與存續期間之研究」，博士論文，台灣大學農業經濟研究所。

陳威名，(2005)，[台灣農(漁)會信用部財務績效之研究] 。碩士論文，台灣大學農業經濟學研究所。

劉祥熹；陳永琦，(2000)，「經濟策略、外部環境、組織結構與經營績效之關聯性-台灣地區農漁會信用部之實證」。企業管理學報，第46期，頁17。

Espahbodi, Pouran, 1991.“Identification of Problem Banks and Binary