自動化監測系統於隧道施工之防災案例研究

Study of the Auto-Monitoring System for Safety Management of the Tunnel construction through cases Evaluation

林珈伃(Lin-Chia Yu)

指導教授 ： 張達德

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000153

摘要

臺灣位於歐亞大陸板塊與菲律賓海板塊之衝撞帶上，此二板塊擠壓的結果，造成高山峻谷多、平原丘陵少的地形，隧道工程遂成公共工程之主要分項。隨著隧道之規模與數量俱增，如何提供一個安全的施工環境已成為重要課題。

儘管目前土木工程中的隧道開挖技術及施工機具設備越來越精進，然而在施工過程中，由於山丘地質的構造複雜，再加上不確定的施工危害因子眾多，故仍經常發生施工意外事件，進而造成工安事故災害及人員傷亡之悲劇。隧道之開挖作業危險性甚高，據勞委會統計資料顯示，隧道施工職災罹難之年平均人數約為5人，其中以93年佔當年全國營造業重大職災罹難人數之6%為最高。

隧道施工過程中，監測為唯一掌控現場施工安全的作業項目，因此隧道監測資料必須具備正確性與時效性，方可提供施工者做為安全預警的準則。對可能出現危險癥兆或風險性較高之鄰近施工，必須藉由精密儀器對地層穩定性、隧道結構設施或地下水進行監測，於隧道施工應用自動化監測系統，可大幅縮短監測資料處理時間，改善以往人工資料彙整延遲的情形；透過自動化監測系統將監測資料以資料庫格式儲存，方便資料保存、查詢與管理；結合網際網路，業主與承包商使用相同的介面讀取資料庫，可於異地即時溝通，確實發揮安全監測之目的。

本研究將以臺北捷運新莊線市區段潛盾穿越台高鐵地下結構體工程、高鐵新竹二高隧道施工工程及復興北路穿越地下道工程為研究案例，分析三種案例如何透過監測系統作有效之施工安全管理，藉由三種案例評估探討出隧道施工導入自動化安全監測系統之防災應用。

關鍵字

自動化監測系統 ； 隧道施工

並列摘要

Taiwan is located in Eurasian plate and Philippine plate collision zone, these two plates extrude landform of alpine valley many and plain hills few, tunnels gradually into the main sub-item of public works. As the tunnel scale and quantity increasing, how to offer a safe construction environment has become an important subject.

Although the tunnel excavation in civil engineering technology and construction machinery equipment, more and more sophistication, but in the construction process, due to the hills geological structure is complicated, coupled with various uncertain factors of construction hazards, it has frequently occurred and construction accidents events, and cause an accident or safety hazards and casualties of the tragedy. Tunnel excavation operations as highly dangerous, according to the Council of Labor Statistics data show that post disaster tunnel construction in trouble, the average number of years is about five people, including 93 years when the annual national construction industry accounts for a major disaster difficult level were the highest number of 6%.

Tunnel construction process, monitoring is the only control the operation of the site construction safety project, the tunnel must have the information to monitor the correctness and timeliness of construction be provided by a person as a security warning criteria. Signs of possible danger or risk the higher the adjacent construction, it must depend on the stability of secret apparatus of the strata, the tunnel structure, facility or into the conduct monitoring of groundwater at automated monitoring system for tunnel construction applications, can greatly shorten the monitoring information at processing time and improving data exchange in the past who pay the entire delay in the case; through the automated monitoring system will monitor the database format are provided for data storage and facilitate data preservation, query and management; with Internet network, owners and contractors to use the same interface to get the information database, to communicate in real-time abnormality can indeed play a safety monitoring purposes.
This study will be MRT, High Speed Rail and to Fu-Shin N. Road pass through the underpass project as case studies to explore how the three kinds of cases for an effective monitoring system for the construction safety management, through three kinds of cases have research tunnel construction safety monitoring systems into automated disaster prevention.

並列關鍵字

Auto-Monitoring System ； Tunnel construction through

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