車載網路中對於都市道路進行非連接方法之研究

Connectionless Approach for Dense City Road in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

邱政雄(Cheng-Hsiung Chiu)

指導教授 ： 涂世雄

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201000186

摘要

在本論文中，我們提出一個車載網路中對於都市道路進行非連接方法，主要是以不建立路徑、不維護路由表格的直接廣播方式傳輸，並充分利用全球定位系統（Global Positioning System, GPS）來適應節點的快速移動。

在我們提出方法中，先利用全球定位系統所提供之位置資訊來輔助路由協定的資料傳送並且加入四項機制改善傳送效能。第一，要求區域機制（Zone Request Scheme）以參考線（RL）的斜率與距離規劃出要求區域（Request Zone）可以避免在網路中傳送多餘的封包。第二，區域確認機制（Region Identification Scheme）以行車向量來判斷不同的路段有不同的傳送方式可以提高傳送效率。第三，資料傳送機制（Data Transportation Scheme）以等待時間找到最佳傳送節點可以避免產生封包碰撞。第四，預備傳送機制（Hop Preparation Scheme）以設定傳送範圍可以避免目的地節點由於快速的移動而離開並提高傳送的準確性。經由模擬的結果顯示，封包傳送率（Packet Delivery Ratio）與端對端延遲（Average End-to-End Delay）兩方面的效能均能得到明顯改善。並且在廣播風暴（Broadcast Storm）問題上也能夠有效地減低所產生的控制負載（Control Overhead）。

我們所提出機制有下列幾點貢獻:
1.提高資料的及時性
2.減少控制負載與網路頻寬耗費
3.提高網路對節點速度的適應性

我們相信這些機制可以大大提高傳輸能力，本篇論文的研究結果將會給予未來研究車載網路非連接方式傳輸上有很大的幫助。

關鍵字

車載網路 ； 非連接方法 ； 廣播風暴 ； 衛星導航

並列摘要

In this thesis, we propose a connectionless approach to Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks on dense city roads. The main goal is that it need not established the transmission paths and maintain the routing tables to read the purpose of direct broadcast transmission. In this study, we use Global Positioning System (GPS) to adapt the fast movement of nodes.

In our proposed method, we use location information of GPS to assist routing data transmission and join four schemes to improve transmission performance. At first, the zone request scheme is proposed. According to RL slope and distance, the scheme plans a request zone to avoid sending excessive packets in network. Second, the region identification scheme is given. According to vehicular vector, the scheme determines the road sections via several ways to improve the efficiency of transmission. Third, the data transportation scheme is presented. According to the wait time of slot the scheme finds the best transmission node to reduce packet collisions. Finally, the hop preparation scheme according to the setting of transmission range, the scheme can avoid fast movement of the destination node leave in block and improve the accuracy of transmission. The simulative results show that the packet delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay performance can be significantly improved. And we can effectively reduce the control overhead in the broadcast storm problem.

The contributions of proposed scheme are as follows:
1. Improve the real time transmission of data packets.
2. Reduce control overhead and network bandwidth consumption.
3. Enhance the adaptability of the network on nodes velocity.

We believe that these mechanisms can significantly improve the transmission performance. The results of our research in thesis show that it will be much helpful to future research in connectionless approach of VANET transmission.

並列關鍵字

GPS ； connectionless approach ； Broadcast Storm ； VANET

參考文獻

[14]吳善堯,應用於都市街道環境的車間通訊位置資訊服務效能比較,私立中原大學電子工程學系碩士學位論文,2007

[2]Fan Li, Yu Wang, "Routing in vehicular ad hoc networks: A survey," Vehicular Technology Magazine, IEEE Volume 2, Issue 2, pp.12 - 22, June 2007.

[3]Inhyeok Jang, Wooyeol Choi, and Hyuk Lim, “A forwarding protocol with relay acknowledgement for vehicular ad-hoc networks,” IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, pp. 553-554, October 2008.

[5]Ai Hua Ho, Yao H. Ho, and Kien A. Hua, “A Connectionless Approach to Mobile Ad Hoc Networks in Street Environments,” Proc. of IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV 2005), Nevada, USA , pp. 575- 582, June 2005.

[6]J. W. M. Mauve and H. Hartenstein, “A survey on position-based routing in mobile ad hoc networks,” IEEE Network Magazine, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 30–39, November 2001.