新竹縣湖口老街歷史街區保存價值之研究

The Study of the Preservation Values of Historical Site— Hukou Old Street, Hsinchu County

林郁婷(Yu-Ting Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃承令

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600358

摘要

湖口在竹塹(新竹)地區開發甚早，光緒十三年(1893年)臺灣鐵路正式通車，大湖口站落成，車站所帶來的商機使得當時的羅氏家族自大正三年(1914年)起決定將自己的土地租賃給他人搭建商店，漸漸地形成了現在的「湖口老街」。寬敞筆直的街道、樸實的立面及素雅的紅磚牆面，不難想見當時的湖口老街作為北新竹地區主要轉運與商業中心的繁榮。但隨著昭和四年(1929年)鐵路改道，湖口老街的商業活動在幾年間隨即歸於平淡。由於當時的契約明訂屋主僅有房屋的所有權，若要拆屋就須將土地歸還地主，湖口老街幸而躲過了被拆除或改建的命運，被完整的保留下來。
雖然民國八十三年的《湖口(老湖口地區)都市計畫(第二次通盤檢討)書》中已將湖口老街列為傳統建築區，但保存的範圍僅限於街屋立面與騎樓，對於更能代表居民生活的街屋內部卻毫無規範，這樣僅針對建築表面的保存方式，保存了外表卻無法完整的保存整個歷史街區及文化內涵。
本研究針對湖口老街的歷史紋理、人文活動、空間形式與建築元素等進行調查，配合老街旁已被列為古蹟保存區(民國九十年登錄為縣定古蹟)的三元宮與被列為宗教專用區(民國九十五年登錄為歷史建築)的天主堂，期望大家對湖口老街有更多的了解並重視自身擁有的文化資產。透過都市計畫不僅將傳統街屋劃定為「傳統建築區」，更能進一步以區域保存的方式劃定為「保存區」及「限制發展區」，將有助於湖口老街更全面性的保存與再發展。

關鍵字

湖口老街 ； 都市計畫 ； 聚落保存

並列摘要

The prototype of Hukou Old Street could be traced back to Dahu Station, which was established in 1893, when the railway was officially operated in Taiwan. The prosperous business and trading around the station had made the Lo Family decide to loan their land for others to build stores. Straight and expansive streets, modest façades, and elegant brick walls illustrated the prosperity of Hukou Old Street where served as a transportation hub and a business center in North of Hsinchu. Yet in 1929, the railway changed its route and the commerce in Hukou descended to an ordinary amount. Fortunately, the buildings were preserved perfectly due to the contract, which regulated that if the owner of the house tore the building down, the owner must return the property to the landholder.
In 1994, Hukou Urban Plan had listed Old Street as a traditional architecture section. However, the preservation merely limited to the façades and the overhangs of storefronts, and disregarded the internal space that reflected daily lives of the habitants. Hence, the act protected the surface of the buildings but not the entire historical site and culture.
This study focused on the context of history, human activities, spacial patterns and architectural elements of Hukou Old Street, including two other nearby historical buildings, Sanyuan Temple, a County-registered historical site since 2001 and Catholic Church, a registered historical architecture since 2006. Once urban plans delimited traditional storefronts as a "traditional architecture site" or even included nearby area as a "preservation site" and a "restricted development area," Hukuo Old Street would be comprehensively preserved and redeveloped.

並列關鍵字

Hukou Old Street ； urban planning ； preservation of settlements

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