應用系統模擬於工業4.0線段製造廠之研究

在各國紛紛跟進工業4.0的智慧化工廠以及經濟全球化的趨勢下，製造業必須擁有更具有彈性的對應方式以解決市場及客戶的需求。目前台灣多以客製化的下單模式，產品種類繁雜又得應付交期越來越短的情況下，制訂生產排程是製造業重要的一環。而台灣的製造業大多數還是以傳統產業居多，生產排程方面仍是多仰賴人工作業安排生產計劃的排程。若以人工經驗的方式，可能會有無法顧及每一個層面的需求，更可能導致工單延遲、花費更多的成本，在許多派工法則的運用也可能只能針對某一種情況下適用。因此本研究期盼以提出系統模擬建構出工廠模型的方式，模擬出所有工單的生產排序的生產排程計畫，以產出符合在交期內的每一種生產排程計畫的餘裕時間、人力時間成本。除此之外，根據不同的情境證明，此方法可以依據現場工廠的不確定因素做調整後，繼續以新的模型模擬每一種生產排序方式，讓決策者從中挑選最佳、最適合的方案。本研究使用Flexsim系統模擬軟體作為系統模擬運行的方法，依據選擇的產業-電線電纜製造業，建構工廠內的資源(機台、人員)狀態，並自訂產品、機台參數、訂單屬性，投入目前全部訂單所排序的生產排程方案，透過完工時間、餘裕時間、人時作為方案的衡量指標。而在此研究中的工廠共120種方案，其中6種符合的訂單交期，分別能夠透過餘裕時間、人時成本作為選擇的參考依據。

關鍵字

生產排程；零工式生產；系統模擬；電線電纜

並列摘要

In the trend of countries following the smart factory of Industry 4.0 and the trend of economic globalization, the manufacturing industry must have a more flexible corresponding way to solve the needs of the market and customers. At present, Taiwan has a custom-made order-making model. When the product types are complicated and the delivery period is getting shorter and shorter, it is an important part of the manufacturing industry to formulate production schedules. Most of Taiwan's manufacturing industry is still dominated by traditional industries, and production scheduling is still relying on manual experience to arrange production schedules. If you use manual experience, you may not be able to take into account all aspects of the requirements, and may even delay the work order and cost more. The application of many dispatch laws may only be applicable to a certain situation. Therefore, this study hopes to simulate the production scheduling of all work orders in a way that proposes a system simulation to construct a factory model to produce a margin for each production schedule that meets the delivery period and labor time cost. In addition, according to different situational proofs, this method can be adjusted according to the uncertain factors of the on-site factory, and then continue to simulate each production sorting mode with a new model, so that decision makers can choose the best and most suitable solution. This study uses the Flexsim system simulation software as the system simulation operation method, constructs the resources (machine and personnel) status in the factory according to the selected industry characteristics, and customizes the product, machine parameters, order attributes, and ranks all current orders. The production scheduling plan is used as a measure of the plan through the completion time, the margin time, and the labor working time. In the study, there are a total of 120 schemes in the factory, and 6 of them meet the order delivery schedule, which can be used as a reference for selection through margin time and time cost.