老人住宅居室使用行為傾向之研究 －以大台北地區三家老人住宅為例－

A study on the behavior tendency in room of elderly housing －case studies of three elderly housings in Taipei area－

林淑娟(SHU-CHUAN LIN)

指導教授 ： 陳政雄

中原大學/設計學院/建築學系/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2006.00404

摘要

老人住宅居室使用行為傾向之研究
－以大台北地區三家老人住宅為例－

私立中原大學建築學系研究所
碩士學位論文
民國九十五年七月
研 究 生：林淑娟
指導教授：陳政雄

［摘要］
近幾年來，醫藥衛生進步，國人生活富裕，平均壽命延長，老年人口急驟增加，依據內政部主計處統計至民國94年底為止，65歲以上人口已超過總人口的9.6%，台灣地區儼然已成為「高齡化社會」。隨著老年人口增加、社會結構變異，及工業化社會中生活形態的變化，人口的高齡化對台灣社會與經濟的發展將帶來若干衝擊，例如：高齡者居住安排問題、老人住宅的質量、永續科技的應用、民間產業的參與、使用管理與流通、社區環境的營造、社會支持的系統、財務金融的規畫等。
本研究透過老人住宅居室的使用行為等相關文獻探討分析老人住宅居室的使用行為之相關類型。並遴選3個老人住宅案例與抽樣231位居住於老人住宅的高齡者，進行老人住宅居室之使用空間調查及以不同身心狀況的高齡者使用行為之問卷訪談調查，以了解影響老人住宅居室的使用行為之需求。
居室是高齡者住進老人住宅後，除了原本家庭以外的另一個重要的生活據點。惟目前坊間老人住宅於高齡者居住居室之空間、設備的提供有良莠不齊的狀況。因此，如何因應高齡者身心機能狀況與需求，提供一個舒適性、安全性的居室予高齡者使用是個議題。
本研究以不同身心狀況、不同年齡及不同省籍的高齡者使用觀點，以老人住宅之『居室的使用行為』為課題，透過專家諮詢所確立之評估因子，針對大台北地區三家老人住宅居室使用行為的問題，採隨機抽樣方式進行問卷調查，針對不同身心狀況、不同年齡及不同省籍之高齡者於居室使用行為之進行統計分析。
本研究之目的：
1.了解不同身心狀況、不同年齡及不同省籍的高齡者於老人住宅居室中之必需性、約束性及自由性使用行為特徵。
2. 將高齡者於老人住宅居室中的必需性、約束性及自由性使用行為加以類型化。
3.求得同身心狀況、不同年齡及不同省籍的高齡者與居室使用行為之對應關係及傾向，以作為規劃老人住宅居室之參考。
　　本研究經由統計分析結果得知，不同身心狀況的不同年齡與不同省籍之高齡者都非常重視必需性的睡眠、飲食、更衣、清潔及排泄等使用行為，也重視約束性的清潔、調理等使用行為，以及自由性的交誼、娛樂等使用行為。

關鍵字

後期高齡者 ； 前期高齡者 ； 老人住宅 ； 使用行為 ； 居室

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the advances of medical technology and the affluent lives of people, the life span of people in Taiwan has been extended, and as a result, the population of senior people has surpassed the 9.6% of that of the entire country. Taiwan, obviously, has become a senile society. Impacts have been exerted on the social and economical development of Taiwan with the growth of the population of senior people, the variation of the social structure, and the ever-changing living styles of the industrialized world. For instance, the accommodation of the seniors, the quality of their living, the application of sustainable technology, the participation of private sectors, the management and circulation of usage, the establishment of the community environment, the system of social support, the financial planning, etc.

This research studies the types of the usage behavior in the seniors’ residential space based on documentary retrospection. Furthermore, in this research, 231 seniors living in the 3 selected senile residences were randomly chosen and interviewed .By the questionnaire, the usage behavior of the seniors’ residential space and their mental condition were unveiled and enabled us to understand the factors that affect the demands for their behaviors in residential space.

After entering a senile residence, residential space is an important living place besides their original families. However, most senile residences in Taiwan still lack sufficient living space and equipment for the seniors. Thus, there has come an issue that how to provide the seniors living spaces with comfort and safety by the assessment of their mental and physical conditions and their demands.

This research focuses on the usage behavior of the seniors’ residential space from the viewpoints of the seniors from different provinces and with varied mental conditions and age. By the assessment factors confirmed by experts consulted and the random surveys with questionnaires, this research studies the living behavior the seniors from different provinces and with varied mental conditions and age in the three selected senile residences in Taipei. This research also proceeds with the statistic analysis.

The goals of this research are as followed:
1. To understand the behavior signatures of the essentiality, restraining, and the liberty in seniors’ residential space with seniors from different provinces and with varied mental conditions and age.
2. To categorize the necessity behavior, the restraint behavior, and the liberty behavior of the seniors’ residential space.
3. To realize the inclination and the relation between seniors from different provinces and with varied mental conditions and age so this research would serves as reference of the senile residence design.

In conclusion, seniors from different provinces and with varied mental conditions and age take those necessary behaviors, such as sleeping, drinking and eating, clothes changing, bathing, and excretion, very seriously, they also give weight to the necessary behaviors - bathing, cleaning, and cooking and the liberty behaviors – communicating and entertainment.

並列關鍵字

usage behavior ； young-old ； senile residences ； old-old ； living space

參考文獻

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