日常社會互動中的愛之重要性： 正向共鳴累積生命意義感

正向共鳴理論將愛這種情緒定義為個體處在一種正向共鳴的狀態，雖然過去研究指出，愛、社會連結與生命意義感兩兩之間有顯著正向關聯，卻未有研究針對知覺正向共鳴是否會透過增加社會連結而對意義感產生影響之議題進行討論。本研究以一個三階段的研究設計，來檢驗個體是否會因為在人際互動中反覆經驗到正向共鳴，而逐漸累積社會連結感，並能進而提升當下與日後的意義感。在研究方法上，於第一階段（N = 144），測量參與者在一般情況下的知覺正向共鳴特質、社會連結感以及生命意義感；在日記階段（N = 135），則請參與者一連七天在晚間進行日子重新建構法記錄，搜集其於日常人際互動中的知覺正向共鳴程度以及社會連結感與意義感；追蹤階段（N = 113）是在日記階段結束的一個月後舉行，利用問卷再次測量其於社會連結與意義感之情況。研究結果顯示，不論橫斷或縱貫模型，皆支持知覺正向共鳴會藉由增加知覺社會連結來提升意義感，且此效果在控制正向情緒或社會互動的頻率與時長等相關變項後仍然顯著。本研究結果說明意義可藉由高品質人際互動時與他人同步並相互關懷的集體正向情緒經驗，這種平凡簡單的途徑來獲得，且有助於在社交有限的疫情期間維持身心適應。

關鍵字

正向情緒；正向共鳴；社會互動；生命意義感；日子重新建構法；縱貫研究

並列摘要

The positivity resonance theory defines the emotion of love as a collective affective state which is termed ─ positivity resonance, characterized by shared positive affect, caring nonverbal synchrony, and biological synchrony. The present study examined whether daily experiences of positivity resonance predicts higher meaning in life (MIL) and that this association can be explained by higher social connection, both concurrently and prospectively. At time 1 (N = 144, 5/2-5/6 2022), we measured perceived positivity resonance at the trait level and several indices of MIL and social connection. Next, we assessed perceived positivity resonance at the episode level with Day Reconstruction Method across 7 days (N = 135, 5/9-5/15 2022). Finally, an additional follow-up at time 2 (N = 113, 6/8 2022), participants again completed the questionnaires of MIL and social connection. Results suggest that social connection mediates the links between perceived positivity resonance and MIL, both cross-sectionally, and longitudinally. These mediating effects remain statistically significant when controlling for individual-level positive and negative affect, and social interaction quantity. These findings indicate that momentary experience of love while interacting with others, may be a commonplace but influential pathway to the meaningful life, even during the COVID-19 pandemic.

並列關鍵字

Positive emotions ； Positivity resonance ； Social interactions ； Meaning in life ； Day reconstruction method ； Longitudinal research

參考文獻

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