家長式領導、角色衝突與績效關係之研究─以學生運動員為例

近年來隨著我國參加運動校隊的人數提升，設立體育班的學校也逐漸增加，因此教練的家長式領導會影響學生及運動員產生兩種角色上的衝突，也會影響學生運動員在校的運動績效及學業績效。本研究主要探討教練的家長式領導是否讓學生運動員產生角色衝突情形及影響運動績效及學業績效，並進一步探討家長式領導是否透過角色衝突進而影響績效。以參與過比賽之學生運動員，包含高中體育班及大專以上具有學生及運動員身份者為研究對象，有效樣本230份，進行迴歸分析後驗證假設。實證結果顯示：1.威權領導對角色衝突有正向影響；2.德行領導對角色衝突有負向影響3.角色衝突對運動績效及學業績效有負向影響；4.仁慈領導對運動績效及學業績效有正向影響；5.德行領導對運動績效及學業績效有正向影響；6. 威權領導會增加角色衝突進而降低運動績效及學業績效表現；7.德行領導會降低角色衝突進而助益運動績效及學業績效表現。依據研究結果，提出實務管理建議，建議教練可採取仁慈領導或德行領導有助學生運動員的運動績效與學業績效，尤其德行領導更可藉以降低學生角色衝突進而提升績效。最後提出未來研究研究建議供參考。

關鍵字

家長式領導；角色衝突；運動績效；學業績效；學生運動員

並列摘要

In recent years, with the increase in the number of sports teams in our country, the number of schools that set up sports classes has gradually increased. Therefore, the paternalistic leadership of coaches will affect the conflict between students and athletes in the two roles, and it will also affect the performance of student athletes in school. Athletic and academic performance. This study mainly explores whether coaches' paternalistic leadership creates role conflict and affects athletic performance and academic performance in student-athletes, and further explores whether paternalistic leadership affects performance through role conflict. Taking the student-athletes who have participated in the competition, including high school sports classes and college students and athletes with identities as the research objects, there are 230 valid samples, and the hypothesis is verified after regression analysis. The empirical results show that: 1. Authoritarian leadership has a positive impact on role conflict; 2. Moral leadership has a negative impact on role conflict; 3. Role conflict has a negative impact on athletic performance and academic performance; 4. Benevolent leadership has a positive impact on athletic performance and academic performance; 5. Moral leadership has a positive impact on athletic performance and academic performance;6. Through increasing role conflict, authoritarian leadership has a negative impact on athletic performance and academic performance;7.Through reducing role conflict, moral leadership has a positive impact on athletic performance and academic performance. Based on the research results, the study proposes practical management suggestions. The study suggests that coaches can adopt benevolent leadership or moral leadership to improve athletic performance and academic performance of student-athletes. In particular, moral leadership can reduce student role conflicts and increase performance. Finally, suggestions for future research are put forward for reference.