組織認同、團體認同與專業認同對於留任意願之影響─以工作滿意度為中介變數

人力資源是企業重要的資產，勞動市場越發競爭之下，企業對員工留任意願的提升與改善將是重要的課題。本研究以社會認同理論(Social Identity Theory)將員工的認同感受由組織本身、團體至員工個人，區分為組織認同、團體認同與專業認同，探討不同層次之間的認同感受對留任意願是否有不同質量的影響。本研究以全職在職工作者為研究對象，透過文獻探討設計問卷，透過網路平台(Survey Cake)蒐集問卷，問卷回收總數為234份，經實際整理後剔除問卷整份答案皆一樣共12份無效問卷，取得有效問卷222份，有效問卷佔問卷總比例94.87%。以描述性統計分析、信效度分析、相關係數分析以及迴歸分析等方法驗證結果。實證結果顯示組織認同、團體認同、專業認同對工作滿意度與留任意願皆有正向顯著關聯，其中以團體認同對留任意願的關聯最高，且工作滿意度對組織認同、團體認同、專業認同與留任意願之間關係有完全中介效果。並依據研究結果給予企業相關管理建議。

關鍵字

組織認同；團體認同；專業認同；工作滿意度；留任意願

並列摘要

Human resources are an important asset of an enterprise. As the labor market becomes more and more competitive, it will be an important issue for enterprises to enhance and improve their employees' willingness to retain employees. Based on Social Identity Theory, this research divides employees' sense of identity from the organization itself, the group to the individual employee, and divides it into organizational identification, group identification and professional identification, and explores whether the identity feeling at different levels has different effects on the intention to stay. This study takes full-time working workers as the research object, designs questionnaires through literature research, and collects questionnaires through an online platform (Survey Cake). A total of 234 questionnaires were returned. 222 valid questionnaires were obtained, and the valid questionnaires accounted for 94.87% of the total questionnaires. The results were verified by descriptive statistical analysis, reliability and validity analysis, correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis. The empirical results show that organizational identification, group identification, and professional identification are all positively and significantly correlated with job satisfaction and intention to stay. Among them, group identification has the highest correlation with intention to stay, and job satisfaction is the full mediating with organizational identification, group identification, and professional identification to intention to stay. And according to the research results, it will give relevant management suggestions to enterprises.