產品開發專案之萃智理想性量化評估

近年來，TRIZ常被用在產品創新設計或改善問題，而其開發流程通常以提升產品設計理想性(Ideality)為目標，以嘗試達到最佳化。然而傳統上TRIZ理想性的判斷公式較為籠統，缺乏標準化的評估標準。因此本研究以傳統TRIZ理想性作為參考，重新找到定義理想性的四個指標，分別是：有效功能、創新層級、產品成本、環境危害。其中以品質機能展開中各項工程技術為標準衡量有效功能；導入一套流程來區分產品專利的創新層級；以ISO14040中的產品碳足跡衡量產品造成的環境危害大小；用作業基礎成本制度計算產品成本，並設計一個結合四項指標的關係式。個案範例以次級資料分別比較iPhone 4和iPhone 5作為現有方案和改善後方案，用四個指標分析兩代智慧型手機的理想性，計算出量化且可以客觀比較的理想性評估，證實上述方法比較產品設計的可行性。

關鍵字

理想性；產品設計品質；評估指標； TRIZ

並列摘要

TRIZ is often applied as the tool for product innovation or problem solving in recent years. During the process, to increase Ideality is usually the main goal of improvement. However, the Ideality concept of classical TRIZ is rather general and lacks of evaluation criteria. Therefore, this research takes the traditional TRIZ Ideality as a reference to redefine four indicators of Ideality, which are Useful Function, Innovation Level, Product Cost, and Environmental Harm. In this study, author evaluated the Useful Function with Quality Function Deployment, applied a procedure to distinguish the Innovation Level of the product patent, evaluated the Environmental Harm by the concept of carbon footprint from ISO14040, estimated the product cost with Activity Based Costing and designed an equation to integrate these four indicators. Comparing iPhone 5 with iPhone 4 as demonstration, the four indicators were used to analyze the Ideality of these two generations of smartphones. To confirm the feasibility of the above method, the research presented a quantified and objective comparison for Ideality evaluation.