聚氯乙烯/聚氨基甲酸酯熱塑彈性體 複合材料之抗靜電技術研究探討

A Study of Poly(vinyl chloride) / Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites for Anti-electrostatic Technology

王志鴻(Chih-Hong Wang)

指導教授 ： 葉華光

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200901024

摘要

本研究以數種不同類型之抗靜電劑添加於PVC/TPU掺混高分子材料中，以探討其抗靜電性質。除了研究PVC/TPU掺混的基材與抗靜電劑之間的抗靜電作用，也檢討抗靜電劑對於基材物性的影響。

在現今重視環境保護的時代，降低材料中對環境有害的成份，是各產業努力的共同目標，但是在開發的時候，也必需考慮到材料其他的功能。PVC雖然具有極佳的加工性，用途廣泛，但在環境保護要求之下，也逐漸受到限制，故掺混其他高分子以成為新基材，使其降低整體氯含量，為業界可行模式。新基材(PVC/TPU)添加抗靜電劑及其他塑膠添加劑(安定劑、可塑劑)，經過壓延成型加工，得到標準試樣，並以不同高分子分析試驗儀器，針對配方進行比較，藉以研究掺混基材與抗靜電劑相互作用之效果，使之在抗靜電性與一般性質均可符合產品實際應用，並達到環境之要求。

本研究結果得知，PVC/TPU基材添加不同種類抗靜電劑之後，其導電性效果以抗靜電劑(Esters)為最佳，由添加前數值2.87 × 1012 Ω/sq 下降至3.22 × 108 Ω/sq，且相容性與分散性良好，使其導電路徑完整，賦予材料良好導電性；並由TGA與DSC熱性質分析數值得知熱性質穩定，故此複合材料於加工時，就不容易有分解裂化的問題。

關鍵字

聚氯乙烯 ； 聚氨基甲酸酯熱塑彈性體 ； 抗靜電

並列摘要

In this research, we add different types of anti-static agents to PVC/TPU polymer composite for discussing their anti-static and physical properties. In addition, this research shows the chemical mechanism between matrix and anti-static agents, and how much they affect in the composites.

Now, the government pays more attentions on environmental protection, so how to reduce the hazardous components within materials is the goal that every industry has to achieve. However, while developing new materials, it’s also necessary to consider its additional functions. Although PVC possesses great processing ability in different ways, its applications are defined due to environmental pollution factors. Thus, in current industries, it must blend other polymers to reduce its chlorine contents to avoid environmental pollution. We prepare the standard samples of the innovative materials by adding different anti-static agents and other additives such as stability agents and plasticizer through two-roll milling. Then, we use different analysis apparatus to compare their properties and interactions between the composites and anti-static agents. Ultimately, we will get the brand-new PVC/TPU composites that meet the practical applications and prevent the environment from polluting.

As the result of the research, adding the Esters into the PVC/TPU has the best efficiency of electric conduction in these tested anti-static agents, and the tested value of electric conduction drops to 3.22 × 108 Ω/sq from 2.87 × 1012 Ω/sq. Moreover, the Esters completes the route of electric conduction cause of the great compatibility and separation. Furthermore, we may learn it has the fabulous thermal stability from the TGA and DSC analysis, therefore, there’re rarely cracking and decomposing issues in processing operation.

並列關鍵字

Poly(vinyl chloride) ； Thermoplastic Polyurethane ； Anti-electrostatic

參考文獻

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