設計以蒸汽誘導相分離程序製備含聚甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯與聚苯乙烯之三嵌段共聚物共混聚偏二氟乙烯薄膜以提高其抗生物沾黏特性

長久以來，薄膜常用於物理分離、回收及濃縮有用之分子，但經由長時間的操作，薄膜易形成生物沾黏。然而文獻中以原位改質之抗沾黏的薄膜研究，常因加入第三種材料而難以控制薄膜成型機制或是缺乏穩定性而無法擁有良好效益。本研究中以超濾聚偏二氟乙烯薄膜為基材，開發出高度防汙和生物相容性之超濾膜進行了研究。以氣相誘導的相分離並混參一新穎三嵌段含聚苯乙烯與聚甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯共聚物改性，鑑定其共聚物表徵後研究薄膜機制。此薄膜成形可得到很良好的控制，其結構為帶有小結節之雙連續結構，而其經由改質過後之薄膜，其鑄膜液黏度較未改質低，且更親水，此兩個特性促進了非溶劑的擴散，進而降低了結晶的機會。薄膜的水合能力也從約每立方公分59毫克提高到每立方公分650毫克，此特性導致非特異性蛋白質吸附下降85-90％。改質後的薄膜對於大腸桿菌和變形鏈球菌在微觀尺度生物結垢是幾乎完全抑制，生物附著在動態條件下也減少，改質後的薄膜，在三次水循環過濾後之水通量恢復比率高達69.4%，相較於商業親水之聚偏二氟乙烯薄膜的47.3%高出許多。總體而言，本研究之新的薄膜，做為水處理的新型材料，有很好的未來展望。

關鍵字

聚偏二氟乙烯；薄膜；抗沾黏

並列摘要

Physical separation by clarification membranes is a well proven process of treatment and revalorization in which molecules of interest can be recovered and concentrated. But membranes will tend to experience bio-fouling after long operating time. Literature on the design of efficient non-fouling membranes by in-situ modification is poor, which can be explained by the difficulty to control membrane formation mechanisms when a third material is added to the casting solution, or by the lack of stability of matrix polymers with surface-modifiers. In this study, a new design concept of ultrafiltration PVDF-based membranes was tested in order to develop low-bio-fouling and ultrafiltration membranes. We present novel polyvinylidene fluoride membranes formed by vapor-induced phase separation and modified with a tri-block copolymer of poly(styrene) and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate moieties (PEGMA124-b-PS54-b-PEGMA124). After characterizing the copolymer, we move onto membrane formation mechanisms. Membrane formation is well controlled and leads to a structure close to bi-continuous, with small nodules connecting the polymer-rich domains. Considering the formulation chosen, PVDF/PEGMA124-b-PS54-b-PEGMA124 solutions are less viscous and more hydrophilic than virgin PVDF solutions. Both effects promote non-solvent transfer, thus decreasing the chances for crystallization. Hydrophilic capability of membranes is increased from about 59 mg/cm3 to 650 mg/cm3, leading to a severe drop of non-specific protein adsorption, up to 85-90%, also depending on its nature. Bio-fouling at the micro-scale by modified Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans is almost totally inhibited. Finally, bio-fouling is importantly reduced in dynamic conditions, as measured from the water flux recovery ratio of 69.4%, after 3 water-BSA filtration cycles, much higher than with commercial hydrophilic PVDF membrane (47.3%). Overall, these new membranes hold promise as novel materials for water treatment.

並列關鍵字

PVDF membrane ； PEGMA ； anti-fouling

參考文獻

1. Ge, Q., et al., Polyelectrolyte-promoted Forward Osmosis-Membrane Distillation (FO-MD) hybrid process for dye wastewater treatment. Environmental Science and Technology, 2012. 46(11): p. 6236-6243.

2. Karakulski, K., W.A. Morawski, and J. Grzechulska, Purification of bilge water by hybrid ultrafiltration and photocatalytic processes. Separation and Purification Technology, 1998. 14(1-3): p. 163-173.

3. Ochoa, N.A., M. Masuelli, and J. Marchese, Effect of hydrophilicity on fouling of an emulsified oil wastewater with PVDF/PMMA membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 2003. 226(1-2): p. 203-211.

4. Pagidi, A., et al., Polymeric membrane modification using SPEEK and bentonite for ultrafiltration of dairy wastewater. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2015. 132(21).

5. Sadr Ghayeni, S.B., et al., Bacterial passage through microfiltration membranes in wastewater applications. Journal of Membrane Science, 1999. 153(1): p. 71-82.

國際替代計量

設計以蒸汽誘導相分離程序製備含聚甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯與聚苯乙烯之三嵌段共聚物共混聚偏二氟乙烯薄膜以提高其抗生物沾黏特性

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