高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案之研究

The Study of Promoting Creative Aging Programs of the Senior Education Institutions

陳淑芬(Su-Fen Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳明烈

國立暨南國際大學/教育學院/成人與繼續教育研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2010.00007

摘要

本研究旨在探討高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案的發展模式、障礙、影響及成功因素。本研究以訪談法進行質性研究。又本研究受限於地域限制，國外實務以文獻探討為主要研究法，而國內實務則主要是引進美國ESTA研發的傳承藝術、活化歷史創意老化方案的新光人壽慈善基金會以及其他參與方案或研發在地方案的四個機構做為本研究的立意樣本。
研究者綜合文獻及訪談資料，得到結論如下:
一、高齡教育機構創意老化方案推動者參與的動機依角色任務不同而異。
二、高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案的發展模式，在美國是由民間團體推動，而後政府立法提供預算並成立創意老化機構全面推動。國內則由非營利組織引進方案，2009年起教育部輔導培訓計畫而擴展到全台。目前也有機構在研發在地化方案，是高齡教育值得注意的創新做法。
三、高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案主要的障礙是：觀念未開，推展工作起頭難；缺乏長期經費挹注；政策短線，缺乏長期規劃；缺乏足夠的支持網絡及專業的高齡教育人才。
四、高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案對於高齡者的身心健康及心靈成長有很重要的影響，高齡者發覺了自己創作的潛能，並將生命經驗傳承給他們的子孫或社會，做為文化的傳承者，讓高齡者重拾信心，重塑生命價值。更可拉近代間的距離，重新建構家庭功能，進而建立和善社會。
五、我國高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案的特色有：堅持嚴謹複製，確保品質的原則及專人專案制度化的專業化執行力；另外，注重專家督導機制、師資國際認證機制、重視帶領人培訓計畫也是台灣推動方案成功的特色。
六、高齡教育機構推動創意老化成功的因素有以下五項：1.發展模式；2.支持系統網絡；3.研發創新；4.人才培育；5.願景與展望
研究者提出以下建議：
一、對高齡教育主管機關之建議
(一)應成立創意老化專責機構致力理論研究，藉以做為推廣之立論基礎
(二)鼓勵高齡教育機構致力創新方案之研發，藉以做為實務推廣之工具
(三)鼓勵企業參與與創意老化相關的老人社會服務事業，建立優質之社會企業
(四)建構全方位的支持網絡，以增強高齡教育機構推動創意老化方案之效能
(五)培訓高齡教育研究及推動創意老化方案之人才，建立人才資源庫
(六)聯合高齡教育、家庭教育與社會教育，藉由創意老化方案，消弭世代間的隔
閡，建立高度關懷且對高齡者友善的社會
二、對高齡教育機構的建議
(一)高齡教育機構應主動研發富含創造性學習活動且重視高齡者生命經驗的方案
，以協助高齡學習者達到創意老化
(二)打破習慣上狹隘的窠臼，勇於結合異質團體，共同推廣創意老化方案
三、國人應重視高齡者的生命的經驗與價值，應視高齡者為社會的重要資產。
四、無論是教育決策者或是教育實務工作者，都應特別注重高齡者創造力的發展
五、創意老化的概念不僅有助於高齡者的自我實現，更是高齡教育的新典範，值
得參與高齡相關議題的研究者深入探討。建議未來研究者可針對台灣的創新
老化方案做更詳細的調查研究，尤應兼重理論與實務的研究

關鍵字

高齡教育 ； 高齡教育機構 ； 創意老化 ； 創造力 ； 老化 ； 活化歷史

並列摘要

Abstract Facing great changes in the structure of the world's population, we need creative and fore-looking educational programs for the elderly in response to the coming of the aging society. Creative Aging can help elderly recover the well-being and the meaning of life in later life, and provide a revolutionary new model. Senior education institutions is the key to successfully promoting creative aging . The researcher tends to understand the motive, the current situation and the barriers of senior educational institutions when promoting creative programs and to put forward recommendations. In this study, qualitative research method, interviews are applied. In this study, only five senior educational institutions, including Shin Kong Life Foundation as well as some others programs developed by local senior educational institutions are selected to be the research objects as purposive sample of this study. On the base of documentation and interviews, the researchers obtained the following conclusions: 1. The motive of those who involve in creative aging programs vary according to the roles in senior educational institutions. 2. The models of promoting creative aging programs of the educational institutions in Taiwan are different from those in foreign country. 3. The barriers of promoting the creative aging programs of senior educational
institutions are the lack of long-term funding scheme long-term planning of the policy, and adequate support networks and professional senior education personnel. 5, Creative aging programs have a significant impact on the elderly for their health and spiritual growth. They can also cut down the distance between generations and remold the family function. The researchers made the following recommendations: 1. the recommendation of the competent authority for senior citizens education (1) to set up creative aging institution to research and promote creative aging programs (2)to encourage senior educational institutions to develop innovative programs (3) to encourage enterprises to involve in creative aging programs for the elderly (4) to set up support networks to strengthen the efficiency of the senior educational institutions to promote the creative aging programs (5) to develop more professional on creative aging (6) to connect senior education, family education and social education with creative aging programs to solve the intergenerational problems 2. the recommendations of senior educational institutions (1) the senior educational institutions should take the initiative to develop creative learning activities (2) the senior educational institutions should integrate the heterogeneous groups together to promote creative aging programs 3. We should pay more attention to the life experiences of elderly and value the elderly as great resources of the community, 4. The education policy-makers or educational practitioners should make emphasis on the creativity development of the elderly. 5. The concept of creative aging is worthy researching by the researchers. Key words: senior education, senior educational institutions, creative aging, creativity , aging

並列關鍵字

senior education ； senior educational institutions ； creative aging ； creativity ； aging

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