國家型科技計畫之人力資產與關係資產的評估-以國家型電信計畫為例

根據每年政府對於科技計劃投入的經費來觀察，國家型電信計畫獲得的補助經費為最多，意謂國家對於電信領域發展相當重視。因此本研究針對國家型電信計劃的專利產出做初步調查，試圖暸解專利產出對於電信廠商的貢獻，從結果發現計畫的專利產出受惠於電信廠商的情況稀少。在創新資產不顯著之情況下，本研究之目的希望藉由人力資產與關係資產的角度對國家型電信計劃進行評估，在人力資產下調查電信計劃培育人才的流向與電信計劃人才在業界的社會表現；希望透過對電信計劃主持人的問卷調查，勾勒出電信計劃人才的流動概念圖。從結果發現電信計劃人才流向電信產業的比例居多，且在電信產業中，流向製造業的比例居多。從廠商的問卷調查中，發現製造業與服務業在技術型與非技術型人才的需求沒有顯著差異。在人力品質的評估上，發現電信計畫人才在製造業的薪資表現高於服務業，但參與計畫與否的廠商對於僱用的電信計劃人力品質並沒差異。在關係資產下評估廠商的產研交流情況及廠商從計畫中獲得的貢獻；在獲得計劃貢獻上，參與計畫的廠商相對於未參與的廠商對『關鍵性技術的突破』的目標更懷期待。但在計劃中獲得『技術發展及應用』的實質貢獻卻是不如預期。在產研交流的調查上，發現參與計畫並未對產研交流帶來幫助，且產研交流程度的高低也並未對所僱用的電信計畫人力品質有所幫助，但是產研交流程度的高低的確可以為廠商帶來『獲取其他領域知識機會』的幫助。

關鍵字

國家型科技計劃；人力資本；關係資產；產研交流

並列摘要

The purepose of this paper is to evaluate the National Telecommunications Program by human capital and relational assets respectively through questionnaire investigation from principle directors of Telecommunications Projects and R&D managers of participating corporations. In human capital, this paper investigates human quality and the mobility of members trained by the Telecommunications Program. As a result, this study shows that the majority of members from Telecommunications Program are employed by the telecommunications industry. Especially, most of members are employed by the telecom manufacturing industry. Although the National program fosters many technical personnel, the author finds that there are still large demands of non-technical personnel by both telecom manufacturing and service industry. On the assessment of human quality, this research finds that salaries provided by the manufacturing industry for members from National Telecommunication Program significantly higher than those. Besides, the employees trained by the National program are better in quality than those who are not. However, the valuation of human quality seems to be nonsignificantly different from firms’ viewpoint. In relational assets, this paper evaluates the intensity of industry – university cooperation and what have benefited to the telecommunication firms. The study shows that industrial participants are more eager to get a breakthrough in a critical technology from the cooperation with the national program. Even though, the participating firms are disappointed at the objective of accelerating application development of targeted technology, the high intensity of the industry-university cooperation indeed increases more acquisition of knowledge from other fields.However, the telecommunication firms don’t increase the intensity of the industry – university cooperation than before, no matter firms had participated in the National Telecommunication Program or not. In addition, the intensity of the industry – university cooperation cannot enhance the perceived quality of employees from the Telecommunication Program. Finally, this research discusses the implications of governmental technology policy and National technology program planning.