台灣國會助理核心職能之研究, 1985-2014

本研究係以國會助理的「角色功能」、「核心職能」及「權力行使方式」來做探討，盼透過對三者的分析，能夠瞭解現今國會助理所呈現之情況，描繪出台灣國會助理之核心職能理想模型(Ideal type)，進而發揮國會助理提升立法委員議事效率與品質的功能。首先，本文以「國會助理制度」為出發起點，藉由我國立法院立法委員之職權，以及國會助理制度賦予之角色功能，進而歸納出理想型的國會助理角色功能。其次，再從「核心職能」上，透過國內針對國會助理核心職能之研究論文的相關文獻整理，推論出國會助理為完成其角色功能，所應具備之基本的核心職能。最後，以Colin Hay整理的「權力行使三面向」(the three faces of power)，檢視國會助理身為立法委員權力的延伸，面對其最常接觸之關係人，如何運用其「權力」完成任務。本研究為質性研究性質，採取「文獻分析」、「深度訪談法」及「比較分析法」三種研究方法。以我國國會助理核心職能為焦點，於歷經第七次修憲，選舉制度的變革後，國會助理核心職能所產生的變化進行探討。資料蒐集方面，本研究以各類國內外學術書籍、期刊文章、學位論文、政府出版品與報章雜誌等次級資料分析，歸納並檢驗國會助理所應具備之核心職能。並且於研究過程中，針對國會助理之關係重點人物進行深度訪談，瞭解現今我國國會助理核心職能，並補強次級資料佐證的不足。本研究認為順應整體政治環境的瞬息萬變，國會助理核心職能之理想模型，已經受到嚴重衝擊影響，僅淪為學術上的討論，無法付諸於實際。擔任國會助理之人員應該要隨時適應環境的變化，隨時調整核心職能。因此，國會助理應要具備如同變形蟲般的適應調整能力，不論是迅速適應外在環境、符合立法委員的風格取向，以及積極學習專業知識等，方能去面臨接踵而來的挑戰。

關鍵字

國會助理；核心職能；權力三面向

並列摘要

This study mainly discusses and analyzes the “role and function”, “core competency”, and “power exertion” of congressional assistants so as to understand the current situation of congressional assistants and describe the core competency ideal type of congressional assistants in Taiwan; thus, the function of congressional assistants - to enhance the meeting efficiency and quality of legislators - could be developed. This is a qualitative study and three study methods, “literature review”, “in-depth interview”, and “comparative analysis”, are adopted. After experiencing the seventh constitutional amendment and changes in electoral system, the change of the core competency of congressional assistants is further discussed and the core competency that congressional assistants should possess is also examined based on the core competency of congressional assistants in Taiwan. In-depth interviews are carried out with the key personnel who are related to congressional assistants during the study, so as to understand the core competency of current congressional assistants in Taiwan and reinforce the insufficient evidence of secondary data. In order to respond to the overall changing political environment, the ideal type of core competency of congressional assistants has been seriously impacted, which only results in academic discussion. The personnel serving as congressional assistants should be ready to adapt to the changes of environment so as to adjust the core competency at any time. As a result, the congressional assistants should have the amoeba-like ability to adapt and adjust in order to face the incoming challenges, regardless of adapting to the external environment timely, conforming to the style of legislators, or learning professional knowledge enthusiastically.