廠商對大陸投資對母公司勞動生產力的影響

中國大陸自1978 年經濟改革開放以來，吸引了大量的外國直接投資，在很短的時間內成為世界主要的生產基地與全球市場。隨著台灣廠商對大陸投資比例日益增加，廠商赴大陸投資對母公司及國內的產經環境影響為何，逐漸被廣泛討論。台灣受限於自身地理環境限制及天然資源的貧乏，勞動生產力一直是台灣經濟能夠成長的依靠。另外本研究將廠商分為高科技廠商與傳統廠商來討論廠商對大陸投資對母公司勞動生產力之影響。研究使用2000年至2015年台灣上市製造業對大陸直接投資之企業資料為研究對象，共計608家廠商為本研究樣本資料。並根據過去文獻放入其他會影響勞動生產力的變數，主要探討廠商對大陸直接投資是否會影響母公司的勞動生產力。根據實證結果發現，廠商赴大陸進行投資，的確會影響母公司的勞動生產力。因此，若不想因廠商赴大陸投資導致國內勞動生產力下降，政府應當適時推出適宜的產業政策，協助產業轉型與升級，促使勞動生產力提升，廠商自身也應朝著生產同類但更高品質的產品及生產其他更具競爭力產品的方向作努力。

關鍵字

中國；勞動生產力；高科技廠商；傳統廠商

並列摘要

Since China's programme of reform and opening up began in 1978, China has attracted a large amount of foreign direct investment. It has become the world’s major production base and global market in a period of time. With the increasing proportion of investment in China for Taiwan manufacturers, the effects of outward foreign direct investment (outward FDI) in China have been argued widely. Taiwan is limited by geographical constraints and lacks of natural resources, so labor productivity is an important economic growth factor. Besides, we separate manufacturing firms into high technology firms and traditional firms. The purpose of this study is to discuss the effects outward FDI on home-company productivity. Our samples includes 608 listed manufacturing firms in Taiwan that FDI in China over the time period 2000-2015. According to our results we find that manufacturing firms FDI in China will indeed affect home-company productivity. FDI in China will lead to decrease home-company productivity. If we do not want it to happen, government should launch appropriate policies and help manufacturing firms doing industrial transformation and upgrading. Firms also work toward producing more competitive products. Then, we can enhance our competitiveness of products in the global market and increase economic growth.