南投縣公立國民中小學輔導教師情緒勞務對工作倦怠之影響-以社會支持為調節變項

過去有關情緒勞務之研究，一開始多著重於服務業，後來教育服務業的轉變讓教師的情緒勞務現象受到重視，而這幾年國內輔導觀念的興起，使得輔導教師成為各校三級輔導預防工作的重點推手。國民中小學的輔導教師要面對各類型棘手的家長、學生及教師問題，輔導教師的情緒勞務現象值得重視。本研究旨在探討輔導教師的情緒勞務與工作倦怠的關係，並以資源保存理論的觀點探討社會支持對於情緒勞務與工作倦怠關係之影響。本研究採取問卷法，以南投縣公立國民中小學的輔導教師為研究對象。研究結果發現，輔導教師情緒勞務愈高，工作倦怠愈嚴重，尤其是表層演出對於工作倦怠有高度顯著的預測力；輔導教師的社會支持於情緒勞務與工作倦怠的關係具顯著調節效果，且主管支持的調節效果最顯著，而家人支持的調節效果不顯著。最後本研究根據研究結果，進一步說明未來的研究方向以及提供相關政府教育單位參考。

關鍵字

情緒勞務；工作倦怠；社會支持；輔導教師；資源保存理論

並列摘要

Among the past research on emotional labor, most studies mainly focus on the service industry at the beginning. Later, the change of education service industry made teachers' emotional labor receive attention. In recent years, the rise of the concept of counseling in the country has made counseling teachers become significant executors of the third-level counseling and prevention in every school. Counseling teachers in elementary schools and junior high schools have to deal with all kinds of troublesome problems from parents, students and teachers. counseling teachers' emotional labor need to be taken seriously. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between counseling teachers' emotional labor and job burnout, and to explore the impact of social support on the relationship between emotional labor and job burnout based on Conservation of Resources Theory. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the counseling teachers in elementary schools and junior high schools in Nantou County. The results show that the higher the counseling teachers' emotional labor, the more serious the job burnout is. The surface acting emotional labor especially had significant moderating on job burnout. The social supports for counseling teachers’ show a significant moderating effect on the relationship between emotional labor and job burnout, and the significant effect of supervisors' support is most pronounced while the significant effect of family support is insignificant. At last, based on the findings, some practical advice would be the reference for the educational authorities, elementary school teachers and educational researchers.