計程車是台灣都市中最重要的公共運輸工具之一,在人口高度密集的大都會地區,便捷的計程車對民眾來說更是一項不可或缺的交通運輸工具。然近年來因經濟不景氣和國際原油價格飆漲,強烈衝擊傳統計程車產業,再加上舊有的無線電計程車派遣系統有諸多管理上的弊病和疏失,導致計程車產業面臨衰敗的局面。交通部運輸研究所在2003年提出智慧型計程車營運安全管理與派遣系統核心模組之規劃與開發暨示範應用,運用GPS及傳統無線電技術之智慧型計程車派遣系統,將計程車結合現代科技的方式改善乘客服務、駕駛員工作效率以及派遣公司營運績效等,使台灣計程車產業開始積極轉型。而本研究主要探討分為三個部分:(一)分析智慧型計程車系統與無線電計程車系統功能、特性和技術上的差異;(二)檢討現行計程車系統功能與派遣作業,並提出一智慧型計程車系統架構;(三)實際建置一套智慧型計程車派遣系統,透過實際數據評估系統績效。透過現行3G技術與智慧型行動裝置的定位裝置應用,結合新的派遣系統,強化人員派遣與監控的掌握,且藉由分析系統數據與本研究規劃之架構與功能,並可作為後續智慧型車發展之應用。
Taxi is one of the most important tools for public transportation in Taiwan. Especially in the densely populated metropolitan area, taxi is a convenient and necessary transportation tool for people. Recession and high crude oil price have huge impact on taxi business recently. Plus there are many shortcomings and poor management in traditional radio taxi dispatching system, taxi ecosystem faces business decline. In 2003 the research project from Institute Of Transportation At Ministry Of Transportation And Communications, titled "Serial ITS/CVO Developing Plan – The Planning, Development and Application Demonstration of the Core Modules for Intelligent Taxi Operation Security Management and Dispatching System (Phase III)", provided an intelligent taxi dispatching system using GPS and Radio technology to improve customer service, efficiency of taxi drivers, and management performance of taxi dispatching companies, and tried to help taxi business transformation. The goal of this research mainly focus on three parts : 1) Analyze the difference of functions, characteristics, and technologies between Smart Taxi Dispatch System and Radio Taxi Dispatch System. 2) Review functionality and jobs of the existing taxi dispatch system and provide an architecture of smart taxi dispatch system. 3) Implement a smart taxi dispatch system and evaluate performance through actual data collected from system. 3G and positioning technologies of mobile devices, combined with the new dispatch system, strengthen control and monitoring of taxi dispatch system. Data and features analysis of this study provides a reference for future smart car development.