本文所論述的主要內容是1965年至1985年馬可仕執政時期的中國政策演變。馬可仕是菲律賓歷史上執政時間最長的一位總統,而這一時期菲律賓的中國政策也是中臺菲三方關係史上最為重要的階段,本文將探討馬可仕執政時期菲律賓中國政策轉折演變的背景、原因、影響。 菲律賓脫離美國獨立建國後,至馬可仕總統執政之前,其外交政策是承襲美國的外交路線,基本上是以反共國家作為建交之考慮,所以在冷戰前期菲律賓與臺灣維持緊密的外交關係,與中華人民共和國沒有正式外交關係,而隨美國和中共關係的正常化,中共加入聯合國,冷戰時期美國疏遠對於亞太地區事務的介入,菲律賓面臨自身經濟與國家安全需求,馬可仕總統決定改變外交政策,與中共建交,與臺灣斷交,隨後中菲雙方在經濟貿易、文化交流等領域雖有發展,惟馬可仕執政後期,中菲經貿發展不如預期,而此時臺灣經濟起飛,對外投資之資金充裕,馬可仕為尋求經濟發展需要,雖堅守一個中國政策,惟為再次強化與臺灣發展實質的外交關係,在中國政策上出現一個半中國的傾向。
The presidency of Marcos in the Philippines lasted for a period of twenty-one years. Starting in 1965 and ending in 1986, the complicated triple relations between Taiwan , China and the Philippines. The thinking of foreign policy of the Philippines was inherited from the United States since its independence. Basically its foreign policy connected with ideology of anti-communism. Therefore the Philippines had no diplomatic relation with the People's Republic of China, but maintained close relation with the Republic of China in Taiwan. Both the Philippines and Taiwan were a strategic partner of the United States in West Pacific. The evolution of normalization between the United States and China, President Marcos decided to change the policy to construct relationship with China. Driven by development diplomacy, Philippines developed closer relations with Taiwan than before,and the so called「one and a half」China policy came on under situation.