新移民女性與越南文化傳承

跨國婚姻裡的新移民女性同時扮演「文化承載者、文化實作者、文化傳遞者」的角色，她們從原生國搬來了什麼？「量」的改變之外，又起了哪些「質」的變化？在什麼時空背景？場域？如何傳承給下一代？影響的因素有哪些?她們面對這些影響因素時發展出哪些應對策略展現其能動性？本研究觀察十個越南籍的新移民女性家庭，訪談新移民女性與其子女共二十一人，發現新移民女性原有的慣習在面對台灣文化時也會慢慢調整形成新的慣習，一方面整理留存在記憶裡的越南文化，同時也接收台灣文化。她們同時承載了越南與台灣兩地文化，兩者間的取捨關乎家庭權力關係、社會、族群、經濟等多方因素的影響，在臺前時空下透過策略或協商方式得以展演其原生文化；相對於臺前的處處受限，在家庭權力行使者（夫家家人）不在場的臺後時空裡，透過同鄉親友所形成的社群網絡，她們擁有較高的自主性實作自己承載自原生地的文化；於是不全然屬於原生文化、也不完全等同於接待社會文化的「文化再生產」現象發生，向下傳承給下一代。

關鍵字

新移民女性；原生文化；文化實作；文化再生產

並列摘要

Regarded as “cultural carriers, practitioners and deliverers”, what did new female immigrants from transnational marriage bring from their country of origin? What kind of change can be observed in the “nature” of the elements brought by these new immigrants besides “proportion”? Under what kind of spatiotemporal background and occasion did these elements occur? How will these new immigrants pass down their heritage onto the next generation? What are the influential factors behind the inheritance of culture? And what kind of actions did these new immigrants took when faced with the above influential factors? In this study, 10 female Vietnamese immigrants and their families were observed. Female immigrants and their children totaling up to 21 people were interviewed by the researcher. From the study, these female immigrants show gradual adjustments in their habitus when faced with Taiwanese culture and were able to sort out their own culture according to their memories while adjusting to the Taiwanese culture. These female immigrants are also carriers of both Taiwanese and Vietnamese culture. How one handles the intricate relationship between the two cultures will be influenced by multiple factors including the power of the family, society, ethnic group, and economy. Compared to the evolution of the native culture via rigid and unalterable strategic methods or negotiations before coming to Taiwan, the absence of power figures (the husband’s family members) gave these new immigrants a chance to have a better control on how to practice their own culture in Taiwan through social networks comprised of people from the same origin. Given the circumstance, “cultural reproduction”, a phenomenon in which a culture is neither authentic nor entirely foreign, is created and passed down to the next generation.