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  • 學位論文

雙波段聚焦平面紅外線感測器讀出電路之設計

The Dual-Spectral Infrared Focal Plane Array Readout Circuit

指導教授 : 孫台平
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摘要


本論文實現一個由量子井( Quantum Well Infrared Photo-Detector, QWIP )之雙波段紅外線影像前級訊號處理系統設計。訊號處理系統為將偵測到的長波長紅外線(LWIR)以及中波長紅外線(MWIR)之光電流訊號,經過訊號轉換以及消除雜訊處理後,輸出給下一級類比數位轉換器( Analog-to-Digital Converter )。系統中,為了在同一時間擷取到影像訊號,積分擷取方式使用快照( Snapshot )取樣技術。而由於溫度的變異,會使QWIP產生雜訊暗電流( Dark Current ),因此在單元像素(Unit Pixel )內加入一個消除雜訊暗電流之電流鏡電路。而加入內含有飛掠( Skimming )功能的相關二次取樣電路( Correlated-Double Sampling, CDS ),是為了消除像素與像素間產生的固有圖像雜訊( Fix-Pattern Noise, FPN ),而Skimming則是用來調整訊號傳輸中的電壓漂移( Voltage Offset ),使得訊號可以得到最大的電壓擺幅( Voltage Swing )。此論文中,LWIR所偵測到的光電流為1nA ~ 10nA;MWIR則為100pA ~ 1nA的光電流範圍。讀出電路型態為直接注入式(Direct Injection, DI )。而由於MWIR的電流較小,其DI電路中將會加入增益級,以利訊號的讀出。此次設計將以讀出陣列為8行x6列的大小,並使用TSMC 0.35um 2P4M CMOS製程做設計。整個系統電路電源為3.3伏特,數位讀出時脈為2.5M赫茲,最後輸出的電壓擺幅範圍:LWIR為0.95伏特,MWIR為0.76伏特。

並列摘要


A dual spectral QWIP infrared image system is realized in this work. In order to catch the image data at the same time, the snapshot integration is the best choice. In-pixel current mirror can reduce the noise dark current due to temperature effect. The correlated-double sampling ( CDS ) circuit with a voltage skimming provides a method to reduce the FPN noise and can adjust the direct-current offset voltage level to get more voltage room. To sense 1nA to 10nA photo-current of long-wave infrared ( LWIR ) signal, a direct-injection is to be designed. For mid-wave infrared ( MWIR ) photo-current is about 100pA to 1nA, adding a gain stage in the pixel circuit is presented. A test circuit for 8x6 focal-plane array is implemented by using TSMC 0.35um 2P4M CMOS process. This work has 3.3V power supply and readouts data at 2.5MHz clock rate. The simulated output voltage range of LWIRs and MWIRs photo-current are 0.95v and 0.76v, respectively.

參考文獻


參考文獻
[1] Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum
[2] Dean A. Scribner, Melvin R. Kruer, and Joseph M. Killiany, “ Infrared Focal Plane
Array Technology ”, Proceedings of the IEEE. Vol. 79. NO.1. January 1991。.
[3] 楊育旌, ” http://www.chem.ncnu.edu.tw/mimi/edu/chemlife/black.htm “ 國立暨南國

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