全球競爭力與國家產業集中度對經濟成長的影響

經濟長期成長一直是各國持續追求的目標，衡量經濟成長的指標有許多種，但未有文獻探討全球競爭力與產業集中度，兩者對於經濟成長所產生的影響。本文使用自2004年開始編製的全球競爭力指標，檢驗全球競爭力與產業集中度的交互作用，探討兩者對長期經濟成長的影響。本研究的樣本群組可分別為30個已開發國家及12個開發中國家，資料期間為2006年到2014年，並使用固定效果的追蹤資料模型(Panel data model with the fixed effect)，來探討這二群組的差異。本研究有二個主要的實證結果：(1)產業集中度對已開發國家的經濟成長率的影響效果為負向，但對開發中國家的經濟成長具有非線性的正向影響；(2)全球競爭力方面，提高全球競爭力可進一步提高國家的經濟成長率，但影響程度與該國的產業集中程度有關。最後，本研究亦採用不同的全球競爭力副指標，研究結果同樣支持全球競爭力與產業集中度會因不同的國家群組或指標而有所差異。因此本研究的實證結果，對於政府的經濟發展目標和政策方向，均有相當高的參考價值。

關鍵字

全球競爭力；產業集中度；經濟成長

並列摘要

Sustained economic growth has always been the primary goal pursued by nearly every country in the world. There are many indicators of economic growth, but so far there is no article discussing how the relationship between global competitiveness and industrial concentration has an impact on economic growth. The global competitiveness indicator started in 2004, andit is hoped that through the interaction between the indicators of global competitiveness and industrial concentration that it will be possible to understand what impacts these two factors will have on future economic growth. This study took30 developed countries and 12 developing countries as the samplewith the study period covering 2006 to 2014The empirical method analyzes the effect of global competitiveness and national industrial concentration on economic growth by using the panel data model with the fixed effect. The empirical results show that: (1) in the developed countries, the effect of industrial concentration on the economic growth rate is not obvious; (2) overall, the promotion of national global competitiveness can enhance the national economic growth rate,a government should thus be committed to relevant policies, and (3) most of the evidence shows that due to anincrease in industrial concentration,developed countrieswill reduce their global competitiveness fromthe economic growth benefits brought about by such an increase,which subsenquently has the greatest impact on national performance indicators. Governments should thus propose to strengthen the efficiencies of education and the labor, economic, and financial markets.