東南亞女性新移民的營養知識、營養態度及飲食行為之探討

本研究旨在瞭解東南亞女性新移民的營養知識、態度及飲食行為之現況，並探討不同家庭價值觀的東南亞女性新移民在營養知識、態度及飲食行為知差異情形，最後探討三者間的交互關係。本研究以臺灣北區(基隆市、臺北市、新北市、桃園市、新竹市、新竹縣及苗栗市)作為研究範圍共計發放問卷1500份，有效問卷回收數為1231份，有效問卷回收率達82.06%。所得資料以描述性統計獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關分析後，研究結果為：一、營養知識、營養態度及飲食行為呈正向中上程度得分；學歷程度與營養知識、營養態度及飲食行為的得分呈正相關。二、「越南籍」的東南亞女性新移民在營養態度整體及各分構面上明顯優於其他國籍的東南亞女性新移民；家庭型態為核心家庭的東南亞女性新移民在營養態度之「飲食價值觀」構面上明顯優於單親家庭的東南亞女性新移民；家庭常有討論互動的東南亞女性新移民在營養態度之「飲食與健康」構面上明顯優於鮮少討論的家庭；臺灣北部區域中以臺北市及新北市東南亞女性新移民在「均衡飲食行為」及「注意標示與包裝」飲食行為分構面上明顯優於其他縣市東南亞女性新移民，而越南籍東南亞女性新移民在「情緒性進食行為」分構面上則明顯優於其他國籍東南亞女性新移民；家中有開伙的東南亞女性新移民在飲食行為之「均衡飲食行為」及「情緒性進食行為」構面上明顯優於時常外食的東南亞女性新移民。三、東南亞女性新移民營養知識、態度與飲食行為之關係呈正向相關性。

關鍵字

東南亞女性新移民；營養知識；態度；飲食行為

並列摘要

This dissertation aims to fathom the current status of nutritional knowledge, nutritional inclination and dietary behavior of newly immigrated women from Southeast Asia, and tries to discern the differences of these three aspects among these people, who hold respective philosophy of values; moreover, the interrelation of the three aspects will be discussed as well. To perform the survey, 1500 copies of questionnaires were given out, 1231 valid copies retrieved, 82.06 % of validation reached. The data retrieved are analyzed with multiple methods (descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, one-way ANORA, Pearson correlation), and they lead to following results. First, the scores in the survey are positive and above the median mark; education level is also in positive correlation with nutritional knowledge, nutritional inclination and dietary behavior. Second, several facts are discovered: Vietnamese new immigrants obviously have better performance than those from other countries on the whole and in every category; new immigrants of nuclear families better than those of single-parent families in “dietary values” category; those who have more discussion and interactions with their family obviously perform better in “intake and health” category than those who don’t; those who live in Taipei City and New Taipei City obviously better than those who live in other areas in “balanced ingestion behavior” and “attention to marks on packing” categories; Vietnamese new immigrants obviously better than those from other countries in “emotional ingestion behavior” category; those who often cook and eat at home obviously better in “balanced ingestion behavior” and “emotional ingestion behavior” categories than those who often eat out. Third, the interrelation of nutritional knowledge, nutritional inclination and dietary behavior among newly immigrated women from Southeast Asia is in positive correlation.