某護理之家實施口腔照護與訓練之歷程探究

本研究旨在了解某護理之家實施口腔照護訓練與口腔照護之動機與方式，深入分析推行歷程之助力、阻力及因應策略，並探討其效益及影響。研究根據研究目的採用質性訪談的方式，共邀請了五位受訪者參與。主要研究發現可歸納為三項：一、某護理之家實施口腔照護之效益包括住院率下降及減少醫療耗用，與日本研究相呼應。二、推廣特殊需求者口腔照護初期需要投入大量的人力及物力，可預先連結相關資源。。三、某護理之家實施口腔照護與訓練的歷程與Lewin發展的組織變革過程的理論相符合。組織因應內、外環境之需要，導入新的照護技術，利用員工教育訓練來改變組織之技術及文化，提升服務口碑及市場反應不僅翻轉了機構內部的工作氛圍，住民也得到更好的照顧。研究者依據研究發現提出具體建議，建議長照機構經營者實施口腔照護及訓練，政府支持系統性口腔照護政策，以協助社區式及住宿式長期照顧機構推行特殊需求者口腔照護。

關鍵字

護理之家；口腔照護訓練；口腔照護；特殊需求者

並列摘要

This study is to understand the motivation and approach of implementing oral care and training in a nursing home. It provides an in-depth analysis of the implementation process regarding its helping force, obstacles, and coping strategies, and examines its benefits and affects. Five interviewees were invited to participate in the study through qualitative interviews based on the study objectives. There are three key findings: 1. Implementing oral care in the nursing home reduced hospitalization rates and medical expenditures, consistent with the Japanese study. 2. The early stage of promoting oral care for special needs patients requires a lot of human and material resources, which can be linked to related resources in advance. 3. Implementing oral care and training in the nursing home is consistent with the theory of organizational change process developed by Lewin. The organization introduces new care technologies in response to the needs of the internal and external environment. Using staff education and training to change the skills and culture of the organization and improve the reputation of service and the market response has not only transformed the working atmosphere within the organization, but also taken better care of the patients. Based on the findings, the researcher made specific recommendations for operators of long-term care facilities to implement oral care and training. The government supports a systematic oral care policy to help community-based and residential long-term care facilities to implement oral care for special needs patients.