以CTIA、DI讀取電路設計於焦平面陣列光感測器及其無線傳輸之應用

The Research of Capacitive Trans-Impedance Amplifier and Direct Injection Readout Integrated Circuit Design for the Photo Focal Plane Array Detectors and Wireless Transmission Applications

陳澤昕(Tze-Shin Chen)

指導教授 ： 孫台平

國立暨南國際大學/科技學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2012.00240

摘要

本論文提出一種新的雙波段可調積分時間讀出電路架構，並使用該電路建立無線影像感測網路系統。讀出電路像素結構使用直接注入式(Direct Injection, DI)與轉阻放大器結構(Capacitive Transimpedance Amplifier, CTIA)組合而成，可藉由外部輸入訊號改變其積分時間與切換讀出模式。直接注入式讀出電路輸入阻抗較大且功率消耗較低，適用於感應電流較高之感測器。轉阻放大器讀出電路則具有更好之抗雜訊功能與高線性度的優點，適用於感應電流較低之感測器。無線影像感測網路系統使用Zigbee網路協定建立，具有低功率與自組網路之特點。該系統可無線接收讀出晶片之感測訊號並即時顯示影像，並具有即時影像校正與遠端調整積分時間之功能。
本論文之讀出晶片採用TSMC 0.35um 2P4M 5V製程製作。單一像素布局面積為 40um x 40um。輸入光電流範圍為0.11pA ~ 153nA，其中CTIA模式適用於0.11pA ~ 10nA，而DI模式則是適用於3.3pA ~ 153nA。晶片操作頻率範圍為2 kHz ~ 4 MHz，輸出襬幅為2.08V，動態範圍為46dB，功率消耗為9.3mW，最快像素輸出速率為12M Hz。
無線影像感測系統採用Arduino Duemilanove為節點核心處理器，傳輸天線使用XBee，而人機介面接收系統使用LabVIEW設計而成。最快無線傳輸速率為115200bps，影像色彩深度為8位元灰階。

關鍵字

雙波段讀取電路 ； 無線影像感測系統 ； Zigbee ； Arduino ； LabVIEW

並列摘要

This thesis proposes a new dual-band readout circuit with variable integration time and builds a wireless image sensor network. The hybrid type pixel architecture of DI (Direct Injection) and CTIA (Capacitive Transimpedance Amplifier) is adopted in the readout circuit. The integration time and readout mode are controlled by the external pins. Direction Injection with the features of higher impedance and low-power consumption is suitable for high sensing photocurrent. Capacitive transimpedance amplifier has the characteristics of high linearity and noise immunity, which is applied to low sensing photocurrent. The transportation protocol of the wireless image sensor network is using Zigbee, that has the superiorities of low-power and ad-hoc network. The system can display sensing image in real-time, and it supports remote control integration time and image correction.
The readout chip is achieved by using TSMC 0.35um 2P4M COMS 5V process. The layout area of unit pixel circuit is 40um x 40um. The input photocurrent range of CTIA is 0.11pA ~ 10nA and DI is 3.3pA ~ 153nA. The chip can operate at 2 kHz ~ 4 MHz. The output swing is 2.08V, the dynamic range is 46dB, the power consumption is 9.3 mW and the max pixel rate is 12 MHz.
The wireless image sensor network employs Arduino Duemilanove as the sensor node processor. The antenna is adopted XBee and the man-machine interface of the receiver is built by LabVIEW. The max transmission rate is 115200 bps. The grayscale images have a maximum color depth of 8 bits.

並列關鍵字

Dual-band readout circuit ； Wireless image sensor network ； Zigbee ； Arduino ； LabVIEW

參考文獻

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