日本企業在亞洲海外直接投資區位選擇之研究

日本，這個海島國家，現今非但成為了世界的貿易大國，這幾年在國際競爭的對外投資熱潮下，對亞洲國家的投資金額有增不減。日本2013年對外投資仍然是亞洲第一，為1250億美金，由此可見日本企業推動全球化的決心。可見探討近年來日本投資區位選擇更可見其重要性。本研究歸納出文獻中所用的指標後，以勞動成本、總體經濟和文化因素等來探討日本的製造業與非製造業的投資考量上是否和這三項的指標實證結果吻合。以Panel Data分析了2005年到2013年日本企業的製造業與非製造業直接投資區位要素如何，迴歸實證結果顯示GDP成長率、物價指數、文化差異對日本製造業投資亞洲各國決定因素有顯著影響。而平均工資、GDP成長率、物價指數和文化差異等對日本非製造業投資因素有顯著影響。本研究認為未來具有潛力的內需市場和消費能力將成為日本對外投資的另一個富吸引力的要點。不只是在當地設廠外，在當地當地廣大市場銷售也成為未來的策略布局。

關鍵字

區位選擇；對外投資；日本企業

並列摘要

Japan, this island country, it becomes the biggest trading country in the world. In the past few year, Japan increases FDI amount in Asia and it is reached to 1,250 hundred million dollars. It is very obviously that Japan has determination to become globalization. It is more important to study how Japanese decide the direct invest location choice. The study concluded 3 indicators , Labor cost, economic environment, culture difference to study if these will be the main reason to impact invest willing on manufacturing and non manufacturing industry . We use Panel Data (2005-2013) to analysis the main reason of location choice for manufacturing and non manufacturing industry. The regression results are showed GDP growth、consumer price index、culture difference are the obvious indicators for location choice on Japan manufacturing industry. Wage、GDP growth、consumer price index、culture difference are the obvious indicators for location choice on Japan non manufacturing industry. Potential market and high consuming ability will be another attractive points for Japan FDI. Not only set up factory in local, but also important to sell products in local market.