由於近年國內失業率不斷升高,民眾求職不易,參與高普特考的人數屢創新高,像是外交部的外交領事人員特考,經濟部的國際經濟商務人員考試,以及近幾年來大舉徵才的貿協等等。此外,根據經建會的資料顯示,我國與邦交國的貿易總額只佔我國每年對外貿易總額的0.95%而已;因此,研究與我國來往最密切的兩個貿易伙伴非邦交國美日與台灣之間的關係就顯得特別重要,加上國內對於官方派外人員的文獻不足,所以本研究就應運而生。 本研究目的將探討︰1. 派駐美日官方與所屬財團法人之派外人員之海外適應情形是否及如何影響工作績效。 2. 派駐國環境差異是否對派駐美日官方與所屬財團法人之派外人員之海外適應情形與工作績效產生調節效果。 本研究以現任及回任之中華民國政府與所屬財團法人之派外人員為研究對象,一共回收美日17個城市點共有效問卷80份,使用SPSS 11.5統計軟體進行敘述統計分析、探索性因素分析、信度分析與層級迴歸分析,以驗證文獻探討所提出的假說。研究結果發現, 1. 官方派外人員海外適應性對工作績效有顯著影響。 2. 生活與文化適應、工作適應會顯著正向地影響任務績效。 3. 生活與文化適應、工作適應和眷屬適應會顯著正向地影響脈絡績效。 4. 派駐國環境差異對於派駐美日官方與所屬財團法人之派外人員之海外適應情形與工作績效僅具部份調節效果。
The number of people taking the National Examinations has created a new record as a result of high domestic unemployment in recent years. These National Examinations include the special examinations of the diplomatic personnel for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, international commercial personnel for the MOEA, TAITRA and other Ministries. The objectives for this study were to discuss: 1. How does the overseas adaptation influence the job performance of the official expatriates in the U.S.A. and Japan? 2. Has the environmental difference generated a moderating effect towards the overseas adaptation and job performance? The study is limited to the official expatriates who are presently on assignment or have recently returned from Japan and the U.S.A. Data of 80 effective questionnaires collected from 17 cities of Japan and the U.S.A. were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. There are four major findings: 1. The job performance is related to the overseas adaptation of official expatriates. 2. The life and cultural adaptation and work adaptation of official expatriates are positively related to their task performance. 3. The life and cultural adaptation, work adaptation and family adaptation of official expatriate are positively related to their contextual performance. 4. The environmental differences have the partially moderating effect towards the overseas adaptation and job performance of the official expatriates in the U.S.A. and Japan.