近十年國中教科書水墨畫學習內容演變之分析

An Analysis of the Recent Ten Year Development of ink-painting learning Content of the Junior High School Textbooks

廖振聰(Zhen-Cong Liao)

指導教授 ： 陳瓊花

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/美術學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘 要
水墨畫學習內容自我國有中學課程以來，一直都是重要的繪畫媒材，尤其近十年以來的演變，最引人注目。本研究針對八十六年起至九十五年期間的教科書，分析各版本水墨畫學習內容的實質演變。本研究的重要結論及建議如下：
一、83年版國中美術「課程標準」對編輯水墨畫學習內容之影響較具體；89年版藝術與人文領域「課程綱要」則無具體規範。
二、83年版國中美術教科書水墨畫學習內容之實質內涵比較豐富；89年版藝術與人文教科書則有縮減之現象。
三、現行版教科書之差異為：採大單元設計課程、專題型式課程大幅縮減、科內統整課程增加、且新增併科統整課程、以學生為中心及生活化等。
四、水墨畫是中國傳統繪畫媒材，從課程綱要的規範、歷年教科書、教育政策與相關研究等發現，水墨畫學習內容有編輯的必要性。
五、建議後續研究，能深入探討縱向思考的學習問題，以改進現行版教科書水墨畫學習內容在課程銜接上的盲點。
六、後續研究可根據藝術教育的重大演變，檢驗教育主管單位的指導機制，並探討建立藝術教學基準之具體策略。
七、為因應現行版教科書專題課程大幅縮減、科內統整課程普遍增加之差異性演變。藝術與人文教師應具備自編教材、教案，以建立優質教師之教學檔案。
現行的課程綱要明訂，教師可自主編寫或慎選教材，若能克服教材的連續性、順續性及統整性，水墨畫教學將有更寬廣的表現空間。

關鍵字

藝術與人文領域 ； 水墨畫 ； 學習內容

並列摘要

Abstract
Since middle school courses were offered in our nation, the ink-painting learning content has always been an important painting medium, and the development over the past 10 years is especially remarkable. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the substantial evolutions of the ink-painting learning content in the collected textbooks published during 1997~2006. The major findings and suggestions of this study included:

1. The 1994 “curriculum standard” for junior high school arts curriculum has more substantive impact on the edition of the ink-painting learning content. The 2000 “curriculum guideline” for arts and humanities domain has relatively no substantive specification.
2. The 1994 junior high school arts textbooks have an abundant coverage of the ink-painting learning content, while the 2000 arts and humanities textbooks present a reduction of the learning content.
3. The differences in the ink-painting learning content among the current textbooks: the design by large units, a significant reduction of topical courses, an increase in intra-disciplinarily integrated courses, and addition of cross-disciplinarily integrated courses, student-centered, and life-related.
4. Ink-painting is a Chinese traditional painting medium. The analysis of the specifications in curriculum guidelines, previous editions of textbooks, current education policies, and related studies showed that it is necessary to integrate the learning content of ink-painting into current textbooks.
5. It was suggested that follow-up studies could make an in-depth investigation into learning problems based on vertical thinking so as to improve the weakness in the connection of the ink-painting learning content with current editions of textbooks.
6. It was suggested that follow-up studies could refer to the significant changes in arts education and examine the guiding mechanisms of the authorities concerned and investigate the substantial strategies for establishing a standard of arts instructions.
7. In face of the significant reduction of topic courses in current textbooks and prevalence of intra-disciplinary integration, teachers of arts and humanities should be prepared with self-redacted materials and teaching plans to establish high-quality teaching portfolios

It has been clearly prescribed in the current curriculum guidelines that teachers are allowed to self-edit or select materials and teaching plans. If the continuity, sequentiality, and integrability of the ink-painting learning content could be overcome, there would be a broader space for the teaching of ink-painting.

並列關鍵字

Arts and humanities domain ； Ink-painting ； Learning content

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