被遺忘的美好：從十三首美好年代歌曲之分析與詮釋探究雷納多?阿恩的歌曲創作風格

Forgotten beauty: discovering Renaldo Hahn's characteristics of song writing from thirteen songs of "la Belle ?poque"

林婉曄(Wan-Yeh Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳榮貴教授 ； 楊艾琳教授

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

十九世紀末、二十世紀初，聚集在巴黎的作曲家們，以各自的音樂理念豐富了歌唱藝術，見證了沙龍和法國藝術歌曲的美好年代 (La Belle ?poque)。然而絕大多數的音樂家，在歷史為其藝術價值拍板定案後，或被貶抑，或遭遺忘，只能等待後世研究之平反，其中，雷納多．阿恩 (Reynaldo Hahn, 1874-1947) 正是活躍於當代、身後遭到貶抑、又獲平反的例證之一。
當世人認同德布西、拉威爾等主流音樂家，以新穎的音樂語法引領潮流發展的同時，阿恩最常被賦予的是懷舊、沙龍氣息的印象，其中保守、復古的貶意不言可喻；而沙龍雖是文化發展史中重要的一環，但是一般的認知常停留在表面的奢華景象，使輕浮、業餘的負面涵義隨之而生，降低了一切有關沙龍的人事物之地位。因此在如此不利的背景中，曾被全然遺忘的阿恩，終能在二十世紀末引起學者注意，得到應有的平反，一定有其價值存在。
歌曲是阿恩最重要的創作之一，加上他的音樂風格形成較早，一生未變，因此本文將以美好年代的歌曲創作為主，試圖從時代背景、作曲家經歷來觀察其保守、懷舊風格之形成原因，並且選出十三首代表性的歌曲，作詩詞與音樂的統合、個別分析，以了解阿恩演繹個人理念的手法與特色，最後總結其藝術上的價值與意義。

關鍵字

雷納多．阿恩 ； 法國藝術歌曲 ； 十九世紀末巴黎 ； 美好年代 ； 懷舊風格 ； 沙龍

並列摘要

From the end of 19 centuries to the beginning of 20 centuries, the composers in Paris build up La Belle ?poque enriched, by their own song writings. However, lots of the musicians were forgotten or devaluated for a long time. Some are fortunate enough to regain their fame; some are still misunderstood until now. Among these composers, Renaldo Hahn (1874-1947) is one example of regaining his fame after devaluation.
Being companion of Debussy and Ravel, Hahn was devaluated by his conservative, salon-like composition, opposite to others creative. Not only Hahn's music, the word "salon" has been misunderstood as amateur, negative meaning. In fact, Salon has played an important role in the development of the cultural and the history. Scholars and musicians of later generation, which proves the real value of his music as well, respect Hahn, being forgotten for long.
Song is one of the most important works by Hahn. Because he formed his individual style in his early years and did not change it in his later years. Writer, in this article, will concentrate mainly on Hahn's songs from "la Belle ?poque," in order to realize why he keeps conservative and unchanged. Also, in order to understand the value and meaning behind his music, writer is going to analyze 13 songs from Hahn about the relationship between text and music, individual character of each song, etc.

參考文獻

Bernac, Pierre. The Interpretation of French Song. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1978.

Brooks, Jeanice. “Nadia Boulanger and the salon of the Princesse de Polignac.” Journal of the American Musicological Society, vol. 46 no. 3 (fall, 1993): 415-468.

Hahn, Reynaldo. On Singers and Singing: Lectures and an Essay (Du Chant). Translated by Leopold Simoneau. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press, 1990.

Kahan, Sylvia. Music’s Modern Muse: A Life of Winnaretta Singer, Princess de Polignac. New York: the University of Rochester Press, 2003.

Lockspeiser, Edward. “The French Song in the 19th Century.” The Musical Quarterly 26 (1940): 192-199.