影響大學生睡眠品質相關因素之研究-以某技術學院為例

The Quality of Sleep and Its Related Factors of College Students:A College as an Example

陳秀貞(Chen Hsiu-Chen)

指導教授 ： 胡益進

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究目的在瞭解大學生睡眠品質的現況，並探討背景因素、生活壓力、身體活動量及睡眠衛生與睡眠品質的關係。
本研究以台北縣致理技術學院日間學制四技一年級學生為研究母群，採分層叢集抽樣，以問卷調查收集資料，研究問卷包含五部份(1)背景因素(2)生活壓力(3)睡眠衛生(4)睡眠品質(5)身體活動量，獲得有效樣本387份，研究結果歸納如下：
一、研究對象的平日睡眠品質總分平均為6.28 ± 2.73分，其中睡眠品質差者（睡眠品質總分>5分）佔55.8%，顯示大學生睡眠品質差者為多數，而假日睡眠品質的表現較平日好。研究對象睡眠品質表現最差的前三項依序為日間功能障礙、個人主觀睡眠品質及睡眠時數。
二、背景因素之「性別」、「身體質量指數」、「住宿地點」、「社團參與」、「打工與否」與「網路使用習慣」在睡眠品質上並無顯著差異。但人文學群及習慣深夜上網學生的睡眠品質較差。
三、研究對象不同的「睡眠衛生」、「生活壓力」在睡眠品質有顯著差異，且「睡眠衛生越差」、「生活壓力越大」的學生睡眠品質越差。
四、研究對象的「背景因素」、「生活壓力」、「睡眠衛生」、「平日身體活動量」及「平日中重度身體活動量」可解釋睡眠品質總變異量的34.8%，其中「睡眠衛生」是睡眠品質最佳的預測因子。
根據研究結果，建議大學生應維持良好的睡眠衛生及學習壓力管理的技巧以改善睡眠品質。而學校及家庭應該重視大學生的睡眠品質評估、睡眠教育及健康的生活形態。

關鍵字

睡眠品質 ； 大學生

並列摘要

The Quality of Sleep and Its Related Factors of College Students:A College as an Example

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to investigate sleep quality and examine the effects of personal factors, life stress, physical activities, and sleep hygiene on sleep quality among college students. The subjects consisted 378 first- year students who were selected by stratified cluster sampling method from four- year bachelor’s degree program at Chihlee Institute of Technology in Taipei county. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey wich comprised five parts: personal background information, life stress, sleep hygiene, sleep quality ( PSQI ),and 3-day physical activity.
The conclusions are as follows:
1.The average PSQI global score of the total subjects is 6.28 ± 2.73, 55.8% subjects are rated as poor sleepers (PSQI ﹥5).The result demonstrates that most students’ sleep quality is poor.The students’ sleep quality on weekdays is poorer than on weekends. The worst components of PSQI are daytime dysfunction, subjective sleep quality, and sleep duration.
2.The personal factors like gender, body mass index, living place, extracurricular activities, part-time job ,and internet use do not have significantly correlated with sleep quality. But the students who study in humanities and life science program and using the internet after midnight frequently had poor sleep quality.
3.High life stress and inadequate sleep hygiene had significant negative effects on sleep quality.
4.Multiple regression indicated that personal factors, life stress, sleep hygiene, physical activity on ordinary day, and moderate to vigorous intensity of physical activity on ordinary day can explain 34.8% of the total variance of sleep quality. In these variances, sleep hygiene is the best predictor of sleep quality.
According to the results, this study suggests that college students should maintain good sleep hygiene and develop stress management skills for the benefit of sleep quality. Schools and parents are highly recommended to pay more attention to college students of sleep quality assessment, sleep education, and healthy lifestyle.

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