禪意觀在視覺傳達設計之創作研究以漢字筆墨趣味為例

Zen Philosothy in the Visual Communication Design:An Analysis of Chinese Calligraphy

徐鳳霙

指導教授 ： 康台生

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/設計研究所在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

摘要
近年來，亞洲舉行了也擁有許多國際設計活動的舉辦權，如：2005年愛知博覽會、2008年北京奧運、2010年上海世界博覽會、2011年台北IDA世界設計平面大會…等。自從日本愛知舉辦的「大自然的睿智」，主題訴求與自然共生共存，回到原點；又於同ㄧ年遠見雜誌談到了「美學經濟時代」，也就是重視心靈感動與美感的消費形態已然來臨；於是二十一世紀又一波東方風潮在世界各地復甦，而東方文化中最獨具魅力的精神內涵，就是「禪」。
本研究以禪的定義、禪宗的歷史淵源、禪宗美學特質、視覺傳達設計的相關理論，作為學理基礎。廣泛收集255件亞洲地區的海報作品，依照禪宗美學的八項特質將海報案例進行分類，並探討其象徵意涵。這八項特質依序為：（1）物我合一、（2）追求自然、（3）空靈之美、（4）大量留白、（5）簡寂樸拙、（6）虛實相生、（7）頓悟空性、（8）意境。
本創作以人的「一念」為中心，「人性(本心)本善，人心本惡」為立足點，並運用禪宗「頓悟空性」生命觀點，一共創作「人（ZEN）心」系列六張海報，探討現代人的人心的問題。這六張海報分別為：（1）非仁、（2）囚困、（3）顛倒、（4）轉念、（5）忙茫盲、（6）放下；另外「禪詩禪思」系列兩張海報，用以呈現「大量留白」的禪境。「人（ZEN）心」系列海報，編排上採用「虛實相生」作構成，使用的元素上以「追求自然」、「簡寂樸拙」，也就是利用自然材質石、林、葉、雲、小草與平日常見的物品坐墊、門把、碑文…等構成海報要素；並藉由漢字中的筆墨趣味、漢字意涵，開發自然材質為肌理，進行視覺創作，試圖找到表現禪意的不同視覺語彙。
由於世界正處在混亂混沌的時期，禪宗的空無、追求自然、樸實簡約，正可以給忙碌的現代人稍微喘息的機會。除此之外，對於肩負起時代與社會文化責任的設計者來說，了解並認同其文化的淵源，是非常重要且意義深遠的事。

關鍵字

禪 ； 禪宗美學 ； 海報設計 ； 漢字

並列摘要

Abstract
Recently, many of the international design festivals have been taking place in Asian counties, such as The 2005 World Exposition in Aichi, Japan. The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China. The 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai, China. The 2011 World Design Alliance in Taipei, Taiwan, etc.Because the theme of Aichi’s World Exposition is “Nature’s Wisdom,” it aims at the interconnectedness between humans and all living creatures. Not only this, in 2005, Global Vision Magazine put forward the idea of “The Economy of Aesthetics,” which promotes the elements of beauty and humanity in our economy to stimulate the consumption. In the new epoch of 21st century, more and more people have a profound interest in the Oriental cultures. Of all the oriental studies, the most strikingly fascinating culture is the power of “Zen”
Because of that, this research is an attempt to inquire into Zen’s definition. I will situate Zen’s philosophy in a larger scope of historical and cultural context. Then, I will use Zen’s aesthetic views and some visual communication design theories as my theoretical framework. The research will investigate 255 Asian posters and then, based on each work’s styles and attributes, I will divide them into 8 categories, followed by an elaboration on these works’ symbolic meanings. The 8 attributes can be categorized as follows. (1) Interconnectedness between Humans and Nature (2) Seeking Nature (3) The Beauty of Emptiness (4) The Beauty of Margin (5) Simple-Mindedness and Quietness (6) Between the Real and the Unreal (7) The Awakening to the True Self (8) Imagism
The following works revolve around the theme of “One Thought”: That human beings will become good or evil are related to the way they think. Based on this idea, I present 6 different posters entitled “Zen Heart” by using Zen’s philosophy “The Awakening to the True Self” to explore the urbanized people’s problems. The six posters are (1) Human-Beast (2) Confusion and Confinement (3) Subversion (4) Thought-Shifting (5) Business, Blindness, Bewilderness (6). To let go. Additionally, I presented two posters that feature “Zen Poetry, Zen Thinking” in order to represent “the beauty of margins”.
The Zen Heart posters are composed with the idea of “The Real and the Unreal.” They are characterized with the elements of “Seeking Nature” and “Simple-Mindedness and Quietness.” I sprinkled some natural sources like stones, woods, leaves and cloud to my paintings and then I added some ordinary materials like cushions, handles, and epigraphs to my work. After that, I used Chinese characters as my key thread to piece all of the paintings together. Since Chinese characters are rich in cultural connotations, they are instrumental in the visual designs.
Since many value systems in our civilization are falling apart, Zen’s philosophy can be an antidote to give over-loaded people a break. Additionally, as far as any designers are concerned, it is crucially important to historicize the philosophy of Zen for the purpose of passing down its cultural heritage. In this way, the art of design becomes all the more meaningful.

並列關鍵字

Zen ； Zen Aesthetics ； Poster Design ； Chinese Characters

參考文獻

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