臺灣劇場可是一個弱勢的傳統藝術產業,是需要保護和長時間經驗的累積,而評論往往伴隨著活動而存在,如此脣齒相依,等到表演活動真正的盛行,評論自然而產生。近代「劇評」與「劇評人」的出現,筆者認為可分為兩個原因,其一為小劇場的興盛;其二為傳播媒體的發達。然而,客觀的藝術評論在國內一直未建立,最重要的原因是,長期以來,在傳統藝文環境中,擔任表演藝術報導與評論的都是報章媒體記者,流動性大,無法累積經驗,成為專業的人才。直到網路的開放、媒體平台的改變,促成了藝術世界的現代化,觀眾漸漸的勇於發聲,反而成了「人人都是劇評人」的現況,興盛到不禁讓人開始納悶,臺灣是否真的有「劇評」?「劇評」是什麼? 戲劇評論建構了創作者與觀眾之間的橋樑,同時也透過鑑賞的知能傳達作品的精神內涵和主要訊息,讓具有易逝性的表演藝術作品,用以文字留下紀錄。筆者所研究的「劇評人」,首先是現代戲劇類最核心的消費者,也就是具高度鑑賞能力與資歷的觀劇、愛劇人,其次是發言人,以文字論述的方式,在媒體上延續作品生命。本研究欲探討三個研究面向:第一,目前臺灣的表演藝術環境與劇評生產機制的影響與問題。第二,以戲劇評論為本位,探討的範圍在於觀眾、中介者(劇評人)、媒體之間連結關係。第三,現有劇評媒體平台經營策略分析。以深入訪談為主,問卷量化為輔佐證論述。
The rise of art criticism represented an intermediary on behalf of the elite art and public readers of the new level of professionalism and the birth of a new discourse. Furthermore, art criticism are related to the revolution in contemporary art, modern realism, the public aesthetic taste, the democratization of society, industrial technology, publishing and the art market. The reviewers use their thoughts to express the main message of the art works, and turned the thoughts into text or oral communication between people. When the artist and the audience received these messages, they created another possibility in creative thoughts and the knowledge of appreciation. This process not only leads the art world into modernism, but also makes people exchange variety of views regarding this world of art. The "Theatre Critics" in this research is referring to the main consumer of theatre, that is, the people who understand how to appreciate and love theatre in a professional way. Then, followed by the "spokesman", is the kind of people who use words to extend life of the text. This study mainly include three research topics: First, reviewing the environment of Taiwan's performing arts and the problems affecting theatre production. Second, based on theatre criticism, the author discussed the relationship between the audience, intermediaries (Theatre Critics), and the media. Third, analyzing the strategy of theatre media platforms. The author use mainly in-depth interviews as the research method and the result of quantitative questionnaire is used as supporting evidence.