幼兒對學前兒童節目觀點之研究─不同社經背景的比較

A study of young children's interpretation of a children's TV program: A comparison of children from different socioeconomic backgrounds in Taiwan

陳奕安(Chen Yi An)

指導教授 ： 賴文鳳

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解不同社經背景幼兒對學前兒童節目之觀點，研究對象為40名滿五歲幼兒，20位來自低社經家庭，20位來自中高社經家庭。研究方法是以半結構訪談蒐集兩組幼兒日常的收視經驗、以及對學前兒童節目「水果冰淇淋」的先備經驗、理解、評價、與自身經驗的比對和預測，事後進行比較與分析兩組幼兒觀點是否有所差異。主要之研究結果如下：

一、在日常收視經驗方面，兩組皆喜好生活寫實類節目，但中高社經組有較多幼兒喜歡教育益智類節目。兩組幼兒在平日家中收視時數、節目的規範和因應規範方式兩者上並無顯著差異，唯低社經組在假日明顯收看較久的電視。
二、在對「水果冰淇淋」的先備經驗方面，中高社經組之收看頻率明顯高於低社經組，然兩組的收看動機皆是被動多於主動。
三、在對「水果冰淇淋」的理解方面，中高社經組對主軸和串場劇情所描述的句子量和外顯故事結構量皆明顯多於低社經組，然兩組對內隱故事主旨的理解表現無異。
四、在對「水果冰淇淋」的評價方面，兩組各有75%以上幼兒表示喜歡該節目，但中高社經組較偏好節目中的角色外貌。在比對「水果冰淇淋」與自身經驗的方面，中高社經組家中擁有的照相機數量明顯多於低社經組；至於在預測方面，中高社經組預測父母管教的方式較吻合節目中之呈現，不過兩組皆占80%以上預測該節目的主要收視族群為學前幼兒。

關鍵字

學前兒童節目 ； 幼兒觀點 ； 低社經背景幼兒

並列摘要

This study aimed to understand how children from different socioeconomic backgrounds interpreted a children’s TV program, “Fruity Pie.” Among the 40 five-year-old child participants, 20 come from low socio-economic families, and the other 20 come from middle and high socio-economic families. Through the method of semi-structured interviews, this study collected data of children’s daily viewing experience, their previous viewing experience, and their comprehension, evaluation, comparison, and prediction of the TV program. The study also compared and analyzed the differences among groups. The primary results are listed as the following.
1.About general TV viewing experience, two groups both liked “real-life-type” of TV programs, but high SES liked “educational-type” more. There was no significant difference in weekday viewing habits. But on the average, low SES watched more on weekends.
2.About the previous viewing experience of “Fruity Pie”, the children of high SES watched more frequently than those of low SES, but there was no significant difference in the motivation of watching “Fruity Pie.”
3.About the comprehension of “Fruity Pie”, high SES described more sentences and more complete story structures in the main and minor plots, but there was no significant difference in participants’ understanding of the main plot.
4.About the evaluation of “Fruity Pie”, more than 75% participants in both groups liked “Fruity Pie”, but the children of high SES were more likely to favor characters’ appearances. About the comparison of “Fruity Pie” with their experience, the children of high SES had more cameras in home than low SES. About the prediction of “Fruity Pie”, more than 80% participants in both groups predicted that young children were the target audiences of “Fruity Pie”, but the children of high SES predicted that the disciplines of their parents were more like those of “Fruity Pie.”

並列關鍵字

Children’s TV Program ； Children’s Interpretation ； Children of Low SES

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