台灣公共藝術設置辦法施行之研究(1999-2009)

A Research on “Regulations Governing the Installation of Public Artwork” and its implementation(1999-2009)

陳鳳瑜(Fongyu Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊永源

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/美術學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

「公共藝術設置辦法」制定的主要精神是在美化環境景觀、提升國民藝術美學素養與扶植國內藝術家，在法令施行十三年多來，這個提撥公共工程經費的百分之一來做公共藝術設置的政策，當然為國內藝術環境提供更多的資源與更多元的討論空間，也為國內藝術家提供一個穩定的經費挹注與舞台得以發揮；但另一方面，因制度設計的疏漏與時代美學觀念的演進，其流弊與不合時宜的疲態也逐漸顯露，例如複雜的審議制度，效率低落，讓藝術家踟躕不前、審議委員集中在少數人手裏，不但有審議不公的質疑，也造成藝術的品味狹窄單一化，以及日益增多的公共藝術品，造成維護管理的困擾與變成環境的負擔…等等爭議。
也因此「公共藝術設置辦法」的改革呼聲一直不斷，而近年來對其最大的質疑是在台灣社會對環境美學概念逐漸開展，與城鄉社區發展朝向整體規劃的同時，政府處理公共藝術的方式，仍還是抱持著先建築，後設置的各自為政狀態，這樣的點狀的散佈不但沒有整體環境規劃的思維，被強加進建築的公共藝術不斷的增加，不但無法美化環境，反成負擔，而這樣的做法，近幾年來更不斷的被挑戰，例如2003年的台鐵左營站，即在是工程進行之初就規劃公共藝術，其抱持的就是「工程與公共藝術結合」的概念；而台灣高鐵更以其站體本身就是藝術自居，而拒絕設置任何的公共藝術，其中由建築師姚仁喜設計的高鐵新竹站更代表台灣參加2002年威尼斯建築展，也獲得2006年台灣建築首獎。
在城市競爭激烈的21世紀，建築美學也成為國家競爭力重要之一環，它不僅是國民藝術美學素養的展現，也是打開國家能見度的最快的方式，最耳熟的能詳的杜拜「帆船飯店」、紐約與畢爾包的古根漢美術館、巴黎朗畢度美術館…等等。因此本研究試圖以近年國內外學者專家所倡導「公共空間減法」概念與「建築物本身也是藝術的類型」試圖為台灣目前所遭遇到的公共藝術泛濫，與更貼近台灣建築美學發展的潮流為目前的法令規章之處找出可能解決之道。

關鍵字

公共藝術設置辦法 ； 公共藝術 ； 建築美學

並列摘要

The purpose of the “Regulations Governing Installation of Public Artwork” is to improve the landscape of environment, enhance public appreciation in aesthetics, and to support domestic artists. By abstracting one percent of budget from public construction projects, the amount is sufficient to meet above goals. However, since its enactment 13 years ago, the “Regulations” have shown severe flaws, such as an over-complicated review system, low efficiency, and concentration of decision-making power in the hands of certain groups. The system’s fairness has been greatly criticized or even challenged.

One of the challenges came from the growing awareness of the society in aesthetic appreciation, which prefers a comprehensive design of public artworks along with construction projects. Yet the current Regulations require the government to complete construction first then install public artworks later. The consequence is that many public artworks were forcefully installed in areas without considering whether such artworks do match the surrounding environment. Recently in certain new projects the designers tried to integrate the ideas about public artworks into the project and achieved huge success. The re-modeled Taiwan Railway Station in Zuoying is one example. Taiwan High Speed Rail Company went further by making its station design as an artwork. The Hsintsu Station even won the first place of Taiwan Architecture Award in 2006 and represented the country to attend the world-famous Venice Architecture Exhibition.

As architecture aesthetics is becoming part of a country’s competitiveness capabilities, meanwhile, the public has called for revision of the Regulations in the 21st century, a good “image” of a city is now considered by many as the best way to enhance a country’s visibility. Prominent examples include theBurj Al Arab Hotel in Dubai and Guggenheim Museum in New York. This research attempts to apply the ideas of “Public Space Deduction Method” and “Architecture as An Artwork” to examine the situation of current public artworks in Taiwan so as to find a solution for revising the outdated Regulations.

並列關鍵字

Regulations Governing Installation of Public Artwork ； Public Artwork ； architecture aesthetics

參考文獻

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