已婚男性父職態度與實踐之研究-以台北市為例

The attitude and fulfillment of fatherhood of married males in Taipei City

吳黛宜(Dai-Yi Wu)

指導教授 ： 周麗端博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2002年)

摘要

由於社會變遷，已婚婦女就業率逐年增加，傳統的性別角色分工面臨考驗，相關的婦女研究也隨之興起。但過去的研究焦點多集中在婦女身上，忽略家庭組成份子另一性「男性」。因此社會變遷的當下，父親在青少年階段究竟該扮演什麼樣的父親？是值得探討的問題，使父母雙方都能在孩子成長的過程中一起成長，共同擔起教養的責任。
本研究的主要目的在瞭解國內台北市國中生的父親在父職上的實踐狀況及分析影響父職態度及父職實踐的因素。研究目的如下：
一、瞭解已婚男性在子女青少年階段的父職態度與父職實踐現況。
二、探討已婚男性不同個人、家庭因素，其父職態度、父職實踐的差異性。
三、分析已婚男性之父職態度與父職實踐的相關程度。
四、探討影響已婚男性父職態度、父職實踐的因素。
本研究採Bronfenbrenner於1979年提出生態系統理論（ecological systems theory）為理論基礎，以關懷與陪伴、能力發展、養家與示範、日常照顧四個面向為父職的內涵，欲以個人變項『年齡、教育程度、個人收入、性別角色態度』、家庭變項『子女變項（子女人數、子女性別、子女就讀年級）、婚姻滿意度、家庭經濟型態（家庭收入型態、家庭社經地位）、夫妻工作特性（樣本工作時間、妻子工作時間、夫妻工作型態）』來分析影響父職態度及父職實踐的因素。
本研究採問卷調查研究，以「父職態度及父職實踐量表」、「性別角色態度量表」、「個人基本資料」、「婚姻滿意度量表」來進行資料收集，以SPSS 10.0 for Windows 統計套裝軟體進行描述統計、單因子變異數分析（ANOVA）、皮爾森積差相關分析、迴歸等統計分析。研究結果發現：
一、已婚男性對於父職有重視的傾向，實踐程度仍有提升空間。
二、婚姻滿意度、子女受教育年數（子女就讀年級）對父職態度有解釋 力。
三、父職態度、婚姻滿意度、家庭社經地位對父職實踐有解釋力。
四、已婚男性最重視養家與示範，實踐程度亦最高。

關鍵字

已婚男性 ； 父職

並列摘要

Year-by-year the rate of married female employment has been raising because of the social transition. The situation has caused some change in traditional distribution of sex role. More and more studies about women have been done. What about the other family member, Father of teenagers? Both Father and Mother should become mature and be responsible for nurturing children.
The most part of this research is to understand in Taipei City how Fatherhood is carried out while children go to junior high school and to find out factors that effect married male attitude and fulfillment of fatherhood. The purposes of this research are as follows:
1.Nowadays what married men’s attitude is and how they fulfill fatherfood while their children go to junior high school.
2.Explore differences of married male attitude and fulfillment of fatherhood by factors of person and family.
3.Analyze correlations between married male attitude and fulfillment of fatherhood.
4.Find out factors that influence married male attitudes and fulfillment of fatherhood.
The study picks the ecological systems theory that Bronfenbrenner brought forth in 1979 for theoretical bases. Fatherhood in this study connotes four dimensions: solicitude and escort, capability development, breadwinner and demonstration, daily attention. Personal variables and family variables were considered to find out factors that act on married male attitudes and fulfillment of fatherhood. Personal variables are age, level of education, earning, and sex role attitude. Family variables are children characters（children number, children sex, children grade）, matrimonially satisfaction degree, family economic type （family earning type, family socio-economic status）, spouse employment characters（sample work hours, wife work hours, and spouse employment type）.
The study was carried out by questionnaires: ‘The attitudes and fulfillment of Fatherhood scale’, ‘The attitudes towards sex role scale’, ‘Personal basic data’, ‘The matrimonially satisfaction scale’. These retrieved questionnaires were handled with SPSS 10.0 for Windows for descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, regression and so on. Finding of the study are as following:
1.Married male inclines to make much of fatherhood, but fatherhood fulfillment can be promoted still.
2.Matrimonially satisfaction, and children grade mean something to married male attitudes towards fatherhood.
3.Attitudes towards fatherhood, matrimonially satisfaction, and family socio-economic status mean something to fatherhood.
4.Married male thinks highly of, and fulfillment of breadwinner and demonstration is highest.

並列關鍵字

married male ； fatherhood

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